Which statement best describes the protection given to a lender under a standard (union) mortgage clause in a property policy?

a.The mortgagee's interest is voided by any act or neglect of the insured borrower
b.The mortgagee has rights only after the insurer pays the borrower in full
c.The mortgagee's right to recover is protected even if the borrower's act or neglect would defeat the borrower's own claim, provided the mortgagee meets the clause's notice and premium obligations
d.The mortgagee may collect the loss only by suing the borrower directly

Explanation

A standard or union mortgage clause creates an independent contract between the insurer and the mortgagee. The lender's right to recover is not voided by the borrower's act or neglect (such as misrepresentation or vacancy) as long as the lender pays any premium due and gives notice of any change in occupancy or hazard that becomes known to it. An open or simple mortgage clause does not give the lender this independent protection.

Law Reference: Mortgagee / standard mortgage clause

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