Powers to ArrestQuestion 35 of 200

May a private security guard lawfully compel a person on private property to produce identification?

a.Yes — guards have the same identity-demand authority as peace officers
b.Yes — any property owner's agent may demand ID at any time
c.Yes — refusal to produce ID is itself a violation of §148
d.No — California has no general 'stop and identify' statute for private persons; a guard may request ID, but a refusal alone is not a crime and does not justify detention or arrest

Explanation

California does not have a general 'stop and identify' statute. Hiibel (a U.S. Supreme Court case from Nevada) upheld such statutes where they exist; California has not enacted one for general police encounters and certainly not for private security. A guard may request ID, but refusal alone is not a crime under §148 (which addresses obstruction/resistance of peace officers, not private persons) and does not by itself establish reasonable suspicion. Options (a), (b), (c) overstate guard authority and risk false-arrest liability.

Law Reference: Cal. Penal Code §148; Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial Dist. Ct. of Nevada (2004) 542 U.S. 177

Practice all 200 questions free — no signup required.

Related questions on this topic

Last reviewed: · editorial process

PrepPass Editorial Team · Verified against California BSIS Guard Card Exam · How we review
Report