The fundamental difference between civil and criminal liability is that:

Explanation

Civil cases are brought by private parties (the resident or family) seeking monetary damages or injunctions; the standard of proof is 'preponderance of the evidence' (more likely than not). Criminal cases are brought by the government (People of the State of California) seeking punishment such as fines, probation, or jail; the standard of proof is 'beyond a reasonable doubt.' The same act (e.g., striking a resident) can result in BOTH a civil suit (battery damages) and criminal prosecution (PC §242 battery). CDPH administrative action is a third, separate track.