Hair ServicesQuestion 359 of 484
Compared with acid permanent waves, what pH range and characteristics define alkaline (cold) waves?
a.pH 9.0 to 9.6, processes at room temperature, produces firm curl
b.pH 6.5 to 7.0, requires no neutralizer
c.pH 11.0 to 14.0, processes in five seconds
d.pH 4.5 to 7.0, requires external heat, slower processing
Explanation
Alkaline or cold permanent waves run pH 9.0 to 9.6 with ammonium thioglycolate, process at room temperature, and create a firm curl. Acid waves run pH 4.5 to 7.0 using glyceryl monothioglycolate, usually require heat, process more slowly, and produce a softer curl.
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