California's 'officer-created jeopardy' (or 'pre-shooting tactical') doctrine — recognized in Hayes v. County of San Diego (2013) 57 Cal.4th 622 — provides that:

Question

Accepted Answer

An officer's pre-force tactical conduct is part of the totality-of-circumstances analysis — tactical decisions that needlessly create or escalate a dangerous situation can weigh against the reasonableness of subsequent force

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An officer who creates the danger has additional license to use force, because the emergency he brought about is still an emergency he then has to resolve

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The officer's conduct before force was used is legally irrelevant, since the court examines only the final frame in which the decision to use force was actually made

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Only the suspect's conduct matters to the reasonableness question, because the officer is entitled to respond to what is in front of him at that moment and to nothing else

California's 'officer-created jeopardy' (or 'pre-shooting tactical') doctrine — recognized in Hayes v. County of San Diego (2013) 57 Cal.4th 622 — provides that:

Explanation

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