Under Proposition 103, before a property and casualty insurer may use a new rate in California, the rate must be:

a.Filed with and approved by the Insurance Commissioner (prior approval)
b.Filed and used immediately without prior approval
c.Approved by the Department of Managed Health Care
d.Approved by the FAIR Plan board

Explanation

Proposition 103 (codified at §1861.05) introduced a prior-approval system: P&C insurers must file rates with the Commissioner and obtain approval before using them. File-and-use is not allowed for most personal lines after Prop 103. DMHC and the FAIR Plan do not approve rates.

Law Reference: Cal. Const. art. XIII, §15; Cal. Ins. Code §1861.05 (Prop. 103)

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