In California, which regulator has primary jurisdiction over Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) and most managed-care health plans?

a.Office of the Attorney General
b.California Department of Insurance (CDI)
c.Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC)
d.California Health Benefit Exchange (Covered California)

Explanation

DMHC regulates HMOs and managed-care plans under the Knox-Keene Act. CDI regulates traditional indemnity and PPO health insurance. Covered California is the marketplace; the Attorney General handles enforcement, not licensing.

Law Reference: Cal. Health & Safety Code §1340+ / Ins. Code §106

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