Chapter 10 of 1210.0% of exam

Case Management

Case management items test the state-federal VR timeline, documentation standards, informed choice, and communication access. Many answers are specific deadlines from 34 CFR Part 361.

The VR timeline

The VR process runs from referral and application to eligibility, plan, services, and closure, each step with a regulatory clock. Deadlines can be extended only by agreement, and the regulations name the exceptions. Knowing which clock starts at application and which starts at eligibility answers many items. Closure has its own minimum period of employment.

Eligibility
Determined within 60 days of application unless an extension is agreed or trial work experiences are needed.
34 CFR 361.41(b)
IPE deadline
Developed within 90 days after eligibility unless an extension is agreed.
34 CFR 361.45(e)
Annual review
The IPE is reviewed at least annually.
34 CFR 361.45(d)(5)
Closure
Employment must be maintained for at least 90 days and considered satisfactory by both parties.
34 CFR 361.56

Eligibility and priority

Eligibility rests on an impairment, a substantial impediment to employment, and a need for VR services. Special presumptions and protections apply to Social Security recipients and people with the most significant disabilities. Eligibility cannot be denied based on disability type, age, cost, or source of referral. The order of selection decides who is served first, not who is eligible.

SSDI/SSI presumption
Recipients are presumed eligible and considered individuals with significant disabilities.
34 CFR 361.42(a)(3)
Trial work experiences
Required before finding someone unable to benefit because of severity; clear and convincing evidence is needed.
34 CFR 361.42(e)
Order of selection
If not all can be served, the most significant disabilities are served first.
34 CFR 361.36
Ineligibility review
Reviewed within 12 months, then annually on request, when based on inability to achieve employment.
34 CFR 361.43(e)

Informed choice, documentation, and access

The client drives the plan, and the record must be accurate and honest. Communication access is part of competent case management. The individual chooses the goal, services, providers, and settings within the program's rules. Accurate documentation protects both the client and the counselor.

Developing the IPE
The client may write all or part of the plan alone or with help from others.
34 CFR 361.45(c)(1)
Comparable benefits
Assessment, counseling, referral, job-related services, and rehabilitation technology are exempt from the search.
34 CFR 361.53(b)
Record corrections
Alterations preserve the original and show the date, author, and reason.
CRCC Code of Professional Ethics (2023), L.2.a
Interpreters
Qualified interpreters or translators are arranged when needed for effective communication.
CRCC Code of Professional Ethics (2023), A.3.c

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