A landowner orally promises to sell a vacant lot to a contractor, and both shake hands. When the landowner backs out, the contractor sues to enforce the oral sale. The strongest defense the landowner has is:

Giải thích

A contract for the sale of real property must be in writing and signed by the party to be charged under the Statute of Frauds. A mere oral handshake to sell land is generally unenforceable, giving the landowner a Statute of Frauds defense. Consideration, capacity, and legality are not the problem here; the defect is the absence of a signed writing for a land sale.