CSLB General Building (B) Trade Practice Test

Câu hỏi luyện tập mẫu

Một vài câu hỏi thực tế từ ngân hàng miễn phí này, kèm giải thích đầy đủ. Dùng công cụ luyện tập ở trên cho toàn bộ.

1. 1. Management of Care

   A charge nurse is assigning tasks at the start of a shift. Which task is appropriate to delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

   • a.Taking vital signs on a stable postoperative client
   • b.Performing the initial assessment of a newly admitted client
   • c.Adjusting the flow rate of a continuous IV infusion
   • d.Teaching a client how to use an incentive spirometer

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: UAP may perform routine, standardized tasks such as vital signs on stable clients. Assessment, IV titration, and client teaching require the judgment of a licensed nurse and cannot be delegated.

2. 2. Management of Care

   Which task can the RN appropriately delegate to a UAP for a client on strict intake and output monitoring?

   • a.Emptying the urinary drainage bag and recording the amount
   • b.Interpreting the significance of a low urine output
   • c.Deciding whether to notify the provider about the output
   • d.Adjusting the client's fluid restriction

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: Measuring and recording output is a routine task suitable for UAP. Interpreting values, clinical decision-making, and modifying the plan of care remain RN responsibilities.

3. 3. Safety & Infection Control

   A client is receiving oxygen at 4 L/min by nasal cannula. Which instruction promotes safety?

   • a.Post no-smoking signs and keep open flames away from the oxygen
   • b.Allow smoking if the client stays six feet from the tank
   • c.Use petroleum-based lubricant on the client's dry lips
   • d.Increase the flow rate whenever the client feels anxious

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: Oxygen supports combustion, so no smoking or open flames are permitted near it, and only water-based lubricants should be used. Flow rate changes require a provider order.

4. 4. Health Promotion

   The nurse is teaching parents about infant nutrition. When is it generally appropriate to introduce solid foods?

   • a.Around 6 months of age
   • b.At 2 months of age
   • c.At 12 months of age
   • d.As soon as the newborn shows hunger cues

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: Solid foods are typically introduced around 6 months, when the infant can sit with support and has lost the tongue-thrust reflex. Earlier introduction increases the risk of choking and allergies.

5. 5. Psychosocial Integrity

   A client newly diagnosed with cancer says, 'I just can't believe this is happening to me.' Which response is most therapeutic?

   • a.This must be very difficult for you. Tell me what you are feeling
   • b.At least it was caught early, so try to stay positive
   • c.You should focus on your treatment plan now
   • d.Many people do well with this diagnosis

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: Acknowledging the client's emotion and inviting them to share feelings uses empathy and open-ended communication. False reassurance and changing the focus block therapeutic dialogue.

6. 6. Psychosocial Integrity

   A nurse is assessing a client for postpartum depression. Which finding warrants further evaluation?

   • a.Persistent sadness and disinterest in the infant after three weeks
   • b.Occasional tearfulness that resolves within two weeks
   • c.Fatigue related to nighttime feedings
   • d.Excitement about caring for the newborn

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: Persistent sadness and lack of interest in the infant beyond two weeks suggest postpartum depression rather than transient baby blues, and require further evaluation and support.

7. 7. Basic Care & Comfort

   A client is being repositioned to prevent complications of immobility. Which position best relieves pressure on the sacrum while maintaining alignment?

   • a.The 30-degree lateral (side-lying) position
   • b.Supine with the head of the bed at 90 degrees
   • c.Prone position for extended periods
   • d.High Fowler's position continuously

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: The 30-degree lateral position offloads the sacrum and trochanter while maintaining alignment. High Fowler's and prolonged supine positions increase shear and sacral pressure.

8. 8. Pharmacological Therapies

   A client taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) for depression requires dietary teaching. Which food should be avoided?

   • a.Aged cheese and cured meats
   • b.Fresh apples
   • c.White rice
   • d.Steamed carrots

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: Tyramine-rich foods such as aged cheese and cured meats can trigger a hypertensive crisis in clients taking MAOIs and must be avoided.

9. 9. Physiological Adaptation

   A nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which arterial blood gas finding is expected?

   • a.Metabolic acidosis
   • b.Respiratory alkalosis
   • c.Metabolic alkalosis
   • d.Respiratory acidosis

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: Diabetic ketoacidosis produces excess ketoacids, causing metabolic acidosis with a low pH and low bicarbonate. Kussmaul respirations develop as compensation.

10. 10. Physiological Adaptation

    A nurse is monitoring a client after a total hip replacement. Which finding suggests a possible pulmonary embolism?

    • a.Sudden dyspnea, chest pain, and tachycardia
    • b.Gradual improvement in mobility
    • c.Mild incisional soreness
    • d.Decreased appetite

    Đáp án: a

    Giải thích: Sudden dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, and tachycardia after orthopedic surgery suggest a pulmonary embolism, a medical emergency requiring immediate action.