Chapter 2 of 330% of exam

Tank Vehicle Inspection

Tank vehicles have special inspection needs beyond a normal truck check. Because their cargo may be hazardous and their loads are heavy, leaks, worn parts, and failed equipment can be extremely dangerous. This chapter covers how to inspect a tank vehicle thoroughly, from leaks and covers to valves, hoses, tires, and emergency equipment.

Checking for Leaks

Checking for leaks is one of the most important parts of a tank inspection. A leak may signal a serious defect and, with hazardous cargo, can be dangerous to people and the environment. Any leaking tank must be taken out of service until repaired.

Inspect all sides for leaks
Walk completely around the vehicle to spot leaks and damage you cannot see from one side.
Never drive a leaking tank
Do not operate the vehicle until the leak is properly repaired.
Leaks can signal deeper defects
A leak may indicate a cracked tank, worn gasket, or failed fitting that needs attention.
Treat hazardous cargo leaks seriously
Leaking flammable or toxic cargo poses fire, contamination, and environmental risks.

Covers, Vents, Gaskets, and Seals

The openings on a tank must seal tightly and vent correctly. Manhole (dome) covers, gaskets, and vents all keep the cargo contained and the pressure balanced. Damaged or clogged parts can leak cargo or let the tank build pressure or collapse.

Check dome covers and gaskets
Make sure covers seal properly and gaskets are intact so nothing leaks.
Verify vents work
Vents must be clear so the tank does not build dangerous pressure or form a vacuum and collapse.
Inspect seals for wear
Cracked or dried-out gaskets and seals allow leaks and must be replaced.
Secure all openings
Confirm every hatch, cap, and cover is closed and secured before driving.

Valves, Piping, Hoses, and Special Equipment

Tank vehicles have valves, piping, hoses, and sometimes special-purpose equipment used for loading and unloading. All of these must be in good condition, leak-free, and properly secured before a trip. Missing or damaged equipment can make handling the cargo unsafe.

Test valves for operation and leaks
Intake, discharge, and cutoff valves must open, close, and seal without leaking.
Inspect piping, hoses, and fittings
Look for leaks, cracks, wear, and loose or missing connections.
Secure valves in the correct position
Before driving, set all manual valves properly and secure them.
Check special equipment
Verify any hoses, pumps, or vapor recovery gear the vehicle carries are present and in good condition.

Tires, Wheels, Brakes, and Suspension

Tank vehicles are heavy, and that weight stresses tires, wheels, brakes, and the suspension. Underinflated tires and worn components are far more likely to fail under a heavy tank load. These parts deserve extra attention during a tanker inspection.

Check tire inflation and condition
Heavy loads and heat make underinflated or damaged tires prone to blowouts.
Inspect the braking system
Brakes work hard under heavy tank loads, so verify they are in good condition.
Examine the suspension
Check springs, air bags, and hangers for cracks or wear that could fail under load.
Verify the coupling system
A secure fifth wheel and kingpin keep a heavy loaded tank from separating from the tractor.

Emergency Equipment, Placards, and Mounting

Because tank cargo can be flammable or hazardous, emergency equipment and correct placarding are essential. The tank must also be firmly mounted to the vehicle. Confirming all of this before the trip keeps you safe and legal on the road.

Carry working emergency gear
Fire extinguishers, warning triangles, and other required equipment must be present and functional.
Display correct placards
If the cargo requires placards, make sure the proper ones are clean, undamaged, and in place before the trip.
Check the tank mounting
Confirm the tank is securely attached and its supports are not cracked or loose.
Complete the inspection before driving
Do the full pre-trip check first so defects are found before you take the vehicle on the road.
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Last updated: July 2026

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