Grammar and Usage
The Reading and Writing section tests standard English conventions: subject-verb agreement, punctuation, pronouns, verb tense, and modifiers. These rules are consistent and highly learnable. Reading each sentence literally helps you catch errors the ear might miss.
Agreement and Punctuation
Match the verb to its true subject, ignoring prepositional phrases like 'of required materials' that come between them. Use a colon to introduce a list only after a complete sentence. Singular subjects such as 'each' require singular verbs and pronouns.
Tense and Modifiers
Use the past perfect ('had waited') for an action completed before another past event. A modifying phrase at the start of a sentence must describe the subject that follows it, or it dangles. Rewrite so the person or thing performing the action appears right after the phrase.