CSLB General Building (B) — All Questions

According to recommended immunization schedules, an infant should receive the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine at what age?

• a.Shortly after birth✓
• b.At 12 months
• c.At 4 years
• d.At 11 years

The first hepatitis B dose is recommended shortly after birth, ideally within the first 24 hours. The series continues in infancy. Early vaccination protects against perinatal transmission.

A mother asks when her infant will typically begin to sit without support. What is the best response?

• a.Around 2 months
• b.Around 6 months✓
• c.Around 12 months
• d.Around 18 months

Most infants can sit without support around 6 months of age. Sitting develops after head control and before pulling to stand. Milestones vary somewhat but follow a predictable sequence.

The LPN/LVN reinforces teaching about breast self-awareness. Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching?

• a."I will report any new lump to my provider."
• b."I will note changes in the skin or nipple."
• c."If I feel fine, I never need any screening."✓
• d."I will follow my provider's screening recommendations."

Feeling well does not eliminate the need for recommended screening such as mammography. Reporting new lumps and skin or nipple changes and following screening guidance are correct. Screening detects problems before symptoms appear.

Which nutrition guidance is appropriate for a healthy pregnant client in the first trimester?

• a.Avoid all dairy products
• b.Eliminate protein to reduce nausea
• c.Take a vitamin A megadose daily
• d.Take a prenatal vitamin containing folic acid✓

Folic acid supplementation helps prevent neural tube defects and is recommended before and during early pregnancy. Dairy and protein are important nutrients, not to be eliminated. High-dose vitamin A can be harmful in pregnancy.

A client at a wellness clinic asks about recommended physical activity. Which guidance reflects general recommendations for healthy adults?

• a.About 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity per week✓
• b.Vigorous activity only once per month
• c.No strength training at any age
• d.Exercise only when symptoms appear

General guidelines recommend about 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity weekly plus muscle-strengthening on two or more days. Occasional or symptom-triggered activity is insufficient. Regular activity promotes cardiovascular and metabolic health.

The LPN/LVN is teaching new parents about safe infant sleep. Which position reduces the risk of sudden infant death syndrome?

• a.Prone on a soft mattress
• b.Supine on a firm surface without loose bedding✓
• c.Side-lying with pillows for support
• d.Prone with a blanket for warmth

Placing infants on their back (supine) on a firm surface without soft bedding reduces SIDS risk. Prone and side-lying positions and soft bedding increase risk. A safe sleep environment is a key teaching point.

A pregnant client in the third trimester reports occasional painless swelling of the feet at the end of the day. What is the best response?

• a."This is a sign of serious kidney failure."
• b."You must be admitted to the hospital immediately."
• c."Mild foot swelling late in the day is common; elevate your legs and report sudden or facial swelling."✓
• d."Stop drinking fluids to reduce the swelling."

Mild dependent edema is common in late pregnancy and improves with leg elevation. Sudden, severe, or facial swelling should be reported as it may indicate preeclampsia. Restricting fluids is not recommended.

Which finding in a toddler indicates normal growth and development for a 2-year-old?

• a.Speaks in full paragraphs
• b.Rides a two-wheeled bicycle
• c.Ties own shoelaces independently
• d.Walks up stairs and uses two-word phrases✓

A typical 2-year-old walks up stairs and combines two words into short phrases. Riding a bicycle, tying shoes, and speaking in paragraphs are later skills. Recognizing normal milestones guides anticipatory guidance.

The LPN/LVN reinforces teaching to a postmenopausal client about preventing osteoporosis. Which recommendation is appropriate?

• a.Ensure adequate calcium and vitamin D and perform weight-bearing exercise✓
• b.Avoid all physical activity to protect bones
• c.Increase caffeine and alcohol intake
• d.Avoid sunlight completely at all times

Adequate calcium and vitamin D plus weight-bearing exercise help maintain bone density. Inactivity, excess caffeine, and alcohol can worsen bone loss. Moderate sun exposure supports vitamin D synthesis.

A new mother asks about introducing solid foods. Which guidance is generally appropriate?

• a.Start solids at birth
• b.Introduce single-ingredient foods around 6 months✓
• c.Give honey in the first month for energy
• d.Begin with mixed foods to identify allergies faster

Solid foods are typically introduced around 6 months, starting with single-ingredient foods a few days apart to monitor for allergies. Honey is avoided in the first year because of botulism risk. Introducing one food at a time helps identify reactions.

During a health screening, which blood pressure reading in an adult should prompt reinforcement of lifestyle and follow-up?

• a.108/68 mmHg
• b.115/72 mmHg
• c.148/94 mmHg✓
• d.118/76 mmHg

A reading of 148/94 mmHg is elevated and warrants lifestyle counseling and follow-up. The other readings fall within a normal range. Early identification supports blood pressure control.

The LPN/LVN teaches an older adult about preventing constipation. Which recommendation is most appropriate?

• a.Decrease fluid intake
• b.Avoid all physical activity
• c.Rely on daily enemas
• d.Increase dietary fiber, fluids, and activity as tolerated✓

Adequate fiber, fluids, and activity promote normal bowel function and prevent constipation. Reducing fluids and activity worsens constipation, and routine enemas are not recommended. Lifestyle measures are the first-line approach.

A client asks how to reduce the risk of skin cancer. Which teaching is appropriate?

• a.Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen and avoid peak midday sun✓
• b.Use tanning beds instead of sun exposure
• c.Apply sunscreen only in winter
• d.Rely on a base tan for protection

Broad-spectrum sunscreen, protective clothing, and avoiding peak sun reduce skin cancer risk. Tanning beds and 'base tans' increase ultraviolet damage. Sun protection is needed year-round.

The LPN/LVN reinforces teaching about pregnancy danger signs. Which symptom should the client report immediately?

• a.Mild breast tenderness
• b.Vaginal bleeding with abdominal cramping✓
• c.Increased frequency of urination
• d.Occasional mild fatigue

Vaginal bleeding with cramping may indicate a serious complication and must be reported immediately. Breast tenderness, urinary frequency, and mild fatigue are common, expected changes. Teaching warning signs promotes timely care.

Which statement by an adolescent's parent indicates understanding of adolescent development?

• a."My teen should have no interest in peers."
• b."My teen should depend on me for all decisions."
• c."It is normal for my teen to seek independence and value peer relationships."✓
• d."My teen will not question family rules."

Adolescence is characterized by developing identity, seeking independence, and valuing peers. Complete dependence and lack of peer interest are not typical. Understanding this stage helps parents respond supportively.

A client asks about recommended colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults. Which response reflects general guidance?

• a.Screening is never necessary without symptoms
• b.Screening should begin at age 70
• c.Only clients with a family history need screening
• d.Regular screening is recommended beginning at around age 45✓

Average-risk adults are generally advised to begin colorectal cancer screening around age 45. Screening is recommended even without symptoms or family history. Early screening improves detection and outcomes.