CSLB General Building (B) Trade Practice Test

Câu hỏi luyện tập mẫu

Một vài câu hỏi thực tế từ ngân hàng miễn phí này, kèm giải thích đầy đủ. Dùng công cụ luyện tập ở trên cho toàn bộ.

1. 1. Airway & Ventilation

   What is the normal resting respiratory rate for a healthy adult?

   • a.12 to 20 breaths per minute
   • b.20 to 30 breaths per minute
   • c.6 to 10 breaths per minute
   • d.30 to 40 breaths per minute

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: A healthy adult at rest breathes about 12 to 20 times per minute. Rates persistently above or below this range suggest respiratory distress and warrant closer assessment and possible ventilatory support.

2. 2. Airway & Ventilation

   Which patient is the best candidate for a nasopharyngeal airway?

   • a.A patient with suspected skull base fracture and clear fluid from the nose
   • b.A fully alert patient with no distress
   • c.A semiconscious patient with an intact gag reflex who needs airway support
   • d.A patient in cardiac arrest with severe facial trauma

   Đáp án: c

   Giải thích: A nasopharyngeal airway is tolerated by patients with an intact gag reflex, making it useful for semiconscious patients. It is avoided with suspected basilar skull fracture because of the risk of intracranial misplacement.

3. 3. Cardiology & Resuscitation

   What is the recommended compression rate for adult CPR?

   • a.100 to 120 per minute
   • b.60 to 80 per minute
   • c.140 to 160 per minute
   • d.80 to 100 per minute

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: High-quality CPR uses a compression rate of 100 to 120 per minute. Rates that are too slow or too fast reduce cardiac output and coronary perfusion.

4. 4. Cardiology & Resuscitation

   If a patient in cardiac arrest has a transdermal medication patch on the chest where an AED pad must go, you should:

   • a.Place the pad directly over the patch
   • b.Cancel AED use
   • c.Remove the patch and wipe the area before applying the pad
   • d.Apply the AED pad to the back only

   Đáp án: c

   Giải thích: A medication patch under an AED pad can block energy delivery or cause a burn. Remove it and wipe the skin dry before placing the pad.

5. 5. Cardiology & Resuscitation

   After an AED delivers a shock, the rescuer should:

   • a.Immediately resume chest compressions
   • b.Check for a pulse for 30 seconds
   • c.Wait for the AED to advise again before touching the patient
   • d.Remove the pads

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: Immediately after a shock, resume CPR starting with compressions for about two minutes before the next rhythm analysis. This minimizes the pause in blood flow and improves outcomes.

6. 6. Trauma

   The most appropriate position for a hypotensive trauma patient in shock (without spinal injury) is generally:

   • a.Supine to maintain perfusion, keeping the patient warm
   • b.Sitting fully upright
   • c.Prone
   • d.Standing to improve circulation

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: A patient in shock is usually kept supine to support perfusion of vital organs, along with oxygen and warmth. Preventing heat loss helps limit worsening of shock.

7. 7. Medical, OB/GYN

   For a patient having a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) with prescribed medication available, the EMT may assist with:

   • a.Oral glucose
   • b.Activated charcoal
   • c.An epinephrine auto-injector
   • d.Aspirin

   Đáp án: c

   Giải thích: Anaphylaxis is treated with epinephrine, and EMTs may assist a patient with their prescribed auto-injector. Epinephrine reverses airway swelling and low blood pressure caused by the reaction.

8. 8. Medical, OB/GYN

   During normal childbirth, once the infant's head delivers, the EMT should:

   • a.Support the head and check whether the cord is around the neck
   • b.Pull firmly on the head to speed delivery
   • c.Push the head back to delay birth
   • d.Place the mother prone

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: As the head delivers, support it gently and check for a nuchal cord (umbilical cord around the neck). Never pull on the infant; allow the body to deliver with the contractions.

9. 9. Medical, OB/GYN

   A patient with a possible opioid overdose has slow, shallow breathing. The EMT's first priority is to:

   • a.Give oral glucose
   • b.Give aspirin
   • c.Support ventilation and oxygenation with a bag-valve mask
   • d.Encourage the patient to walk it off

   Đáp án: c

   Giải thích: The immediate life threat in opioid overdose is respiratory depression, so support ventilation with a BVM and oxygen. Naloxone may be administered per protocol, but airway and breathing come first.

10. 10. EMS Operations

    A competent adult refuses care after being informed of the risks. The EMT should:

    • a.Respect the refusal, document it thoroughly, and encourage the patient to call back if needed
    • b.Force treatment anyway
    • c.Leave without any documentation
    • d.Have the patient sign nothing and depart quietly

    Đáp án: a

    Giải thích: A competent, informed adult has the right to refuse care, and the refusal must be clearly documented after explaining the risks. Encourage the patient to seek help if symptoms worsen and involve medical direction as appropriate.