CSLB General Building (B) Trade Practice Test

Câu hỏi luyện tập mẫu

Một vài câu hỏi thực tế từ ngân hàng miễn phí này, kèm giải thích đầy đủ. Dùng công cụ luyện tập ở trên cho toàn bộ.

1. 1. Medications

   Which brand name corresponds to the generic drug atorvastatin?

   • a.Zocor
   • b.Crestor
   • c.Lipitor
   • d.Pravachol

   Đáp án: c

   Giải thích: Atorvastatin is marketed under the brand name Lipitor. Zocor is simvastatin, Crestor is rosuvastatin, and Pravachol is pravastatin; all four are statins, which is why the names are easily confused.

2. 2. Medications

   Alprazolam (Xanax) is a benzodiazepine. Under federal law, benzodiazepines such as alprazolam are placed in which DEA schedule?

   • a.Schedule II
   • b.Schedule IV
   • c.Schedule III
   • d.Schedule V

   Đáp án: b

   Giải thích: Benzodiazepines, including alprazolam, are Schedule IV controlled substances. Schedule II includes drugs such as oxycodone and amphetamine, Schedule III includes products such as ketamine and some anabolic steroids, and Schedule V includes low-dose codeine cough preparations.

   Nguồn: 21 CFR 1308 (DEA schedules)

3. 3. Medications

   A patient is discharged after coronary stent placement with a prescription for clopidogrel (Plavix). What is the purpose of this medication?

   • a.To lower LDL cholesterol
   • b.To control blood glucose
   • c.To lower heart rate and blood pressure
   • d.To inhibit platelet aggregation and prevent clot formation

   Đáp án: d

   Giải thích: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet agent that blocks the P2Y12 ADP receptor, reducing the risk of stent thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. LDL lowering is the role of statins, glucose control belongs to antidiabetic agents, and heart rate and blood pressure reduction is the role of beta blockers.

4. 4. Medications

   How should unopened vials of insulin glargine be stored in the pharmacy?

   • a.In the freezer at -10 °C
   • b.At room temperature only, discarded after 7 days
   • c.In the refrigerator at 2-8 °C, protected from freezing
   • d.In a warming cabinet at 30-35 °C

   Đáp án: c

   Giải thích: Unopened insulin is stored in the refrigerator at 2-8 °C, where it remains stable until the manufacturer's expiration date. Freezing denatures insulin and makes the vial unusable, and prolonged storage at warm temperatures shortens potency well before the labeled expiration.

5. 5. Federal Requirements

   Which drug is placed in Schedule II (C-II), the schedule with an accepted medical use but the highest abuse potential of any prescribable controlled substance?

   • a.Alprazolam
   • b.Hydromorphone
   • c.Pregabalin
   • d.Ketamine

   Đáp án: b

   Giải thích: Hydromorphone is a C-II opioid; other common C-II agents include oxycodone, fentanyl, methylphenidate, and amphetamine. Alprazolam is C-IV, pregabalin is C-V, and ketamine is C-III, so all three carry a lower federally assigned abuse potential. Schedule II drugs have accepted medical use but the greatest abuse and dependence risk among drugs that may still be prescribed.

   Nguồn: 21 CFR 1308 (DEA schedules)

6. 6. Federal Requirements

   A technician will compound a chemotherapy agent in a negative-pressure containment room while wearing a chemotherapy-rated gown and two pairs of chemotherapy-rated gloves. Which standard drives these requirements?

   • a.USP <800>
   • b.USP <795>
   • c.USP <797>
   • d.Drug Supply Chain Security Act (DSCSA)

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: USP <800> governs the receipt, storage, compounding, and disposal of hazardous drugs in order to protect personnel, patients, and the environment, and it specifies containment engineering controls such as negative pressure rooms plus chemotherapy-rated PPE. Drugs subject to <800> are identified from the NIOSH hazardous drug list. USP <795> and <797> address nonsterile and sterile compounding quality rather than worker exposure, and the DSCSA deals with tracing product through the supply chain.

   Nguồn: USP <800>

7. 7. Patient Safety & Quality Assurance

   An order calls for potassium chloride 20 mEq to be added to 100 mL of diluent. The stock vial is labeled 2 mEq/mL. What volume should be withdrawn?

   • a.2 mL
   • b.10 mL
   • c.20 mL
   • d.40 mL

   Đáp án: b

   Giải thích: 20 mEq divided by 2 mEq/mL equals 10 mL, which is then added to the 100 mL bag. Withdrawing 2 mL or 20 mL would deliver 4 mEq or 40 mEq, and 40 mL would give 80 mEq — four times the order. Concentrated potassium chloride is a high-alert product that must always be diluted before administration and never dispensed as an undiluted vial to a patient care area.

8. 8. Patient Safety & Quality Assurance

   While entering a prescription for cephalexin, a technician sees a system alert that the patient has a documented penicillin allergy. What is the appropriate action?

   • a.Leave the alert unresolved and notify the pharmacist so it can be clinically evaluated
   • b.Override the alert, since cephalexin is not a penicillin
   • c.Remove the allergy from the profile if the patient says the reaction was mild
   • d.Cancel the prescription and tell the patient to contact the prescriber

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: Deciding whether a documented allergy contraindicates a related antibiotic is a clinical judgment reserved for the pharmacist, so the technician's job is to preserve the alert and escalate it. Overriding it, editing the allergy history based on a casual patient comment, or cancelling the prescription outright all substitute the technician's judgment for the pharmacist's and can delay needed therapy.

9. 9. Order Entry & Processing

   Amoxicillin 250 mg/5 mL oral suspension, sig: 1 teaspoonful by mouth three times daily. One 150 mL bottle is dispensed. What is the day supply?

   • a.5 days
   • b.7.5 days
   • c.10 days
   • d.30 days

   Đáp án: c

   Giải thích: One teaspoonful = 5 mL, and 5 mL x 3 doses = 15 mL per day. 150 mL / 15 mL per day = 10 days. Answering 30 days comes from dividing 150 mL by a single 5 mL dose and forgetting that the patient takes three doses each day.

10. 10. Order Entry & Processing

    1000 mL is to infuse over 10 hours using an administration set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL. What is the drip rate in gtt/min?

    • a.10 gtt/min
    • b.15 gtt/min
    • c.17 gtt/min
    • d.25 gtt/min

    Đáp án: d

    Giải thích: 1000 mL / 10 hr = 100 mL/hr, and 100 mL/hr / 60 min = 1.67 mL/min. Multiplying by the drop factor: 1.67 mL/min x 15 gtt/mL = 25 gtt/min. Answering 17 gtt/min comes from using a 10 gtt/mL set instead of the 15 gtt/mL set that was specified.