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NCLEX-PN Nursing 考试速记表（2026）
免费、可打印的 NCLEX-PN Nursing 考试速记表：120 个最高频要点，按考试的内容领域分成 6 个板块，每个板块标注其公布权重。
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- 400 道免费 NCLEX-PN Nursing 练习题，覆盖同样的内容，每题都有解析。
- 最近更新：2026 年 9 月。
Coordinated Care
占考试 14%- Know the LPN/LVN scope
- LPN/LVNs collect data, administer many medications, and provide basic care; they do not perform the initial assessment, create the care plan, or give initial teaching.
- Delegate only stable, routine tasks to UAP
- UAP may perform hygiene, feeding of clients without swallowing risk, ambulation, and recording of intake and output for stable clients.
- Never delegate the nursing process
- Assessment, planning, evaluation, and clinical judgment cannot be delegated to UAP.
- Use the five rights of delegation
- Delegate the right task, under the right circumstances, to the right person, with the right direction and the right supervision.
- Honor client autonomy
- Competent adults may refuse treatment; document the refusal and notify the RN or provider.
- Report unsafe or dishonest practice
- Falsified documentation, impaired coworkers, and unsafe conditions must be reported through the chain of command.
- Act as a mandatory reporter
- Suspected abuse or neglect of children, elders, or vulnerable adults must be reported to authorities.
- Support informed consent
- The provider explains the procedure and obtains consent; the nurse witnesses the signature and notifies the provider of client questions.
- Share on a need-to-know basis
- Only members of the care team who need information to provide care may access it.
- Avoid casual disclosure
- Do not discuss clients in public areas or with people not involved in care.
- Follow authorized exceptions
- Mandatory reporting and communication with the treating team are permitted disclosures.
- Protect records and screens
- Log off computers and secure printed records to prevent unauthorized access.
- Use the ABCs
- Address airway, breathing, and circulation problems before other needs.
- Apply Maslow's hierarchy
- Meet physiologic and safety needs before comfort, teaching, or self-esteem needs.
- Identify actual over potential problems
- Real, life-threatening problems generally take priority over potential risks.
- Communicate changes promptly
- Report new or worsening findings to the RN so the plan of care can be adjusted.
- Use SBAR for hand-off
- Report the Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation to organize communication.
- Document objectively
- Record specific, factual, measurable data with the time of the observation.
- Read back verbal orders
- Write down and read back verbal or telephone orders and have them signed per policy.
- Chart promptly and correct properly
- Document care after it is provided and correct errors according to facility policy without obscuring the original entry.
Safety and Infection Control
占考试 12%- Use two identifiers
- Verify at least two client identifiers such as name and date of birth; never use room number alone.
- Follow the rights of medication administration
- Confirm the right client, drug, dose, route, time, and documentation before giving any medication.
- Check the label three times
- Compare the medication label to the order when retrieving, preparing, and administering it.
- Do not leave medications unattended
- Give medications directly and observe the client take them rather than leaving them at the bedside.
- Screen for fall risk
- Assess age, mobility, medications, and history of dizziness or falls.
- Keep the environment safe
- Keep the bed low and locked, the call light within reach, and pathways clear.
- Use assistive measures
- Provide nonskid footwear, gait belts, and assistance with ambulation as needed.
- Use restraints only as a last resort
- Restraints require a time-limited provider order, less restrictive alternatives first, and frequent monitoring; never for convenience.
- Follow RACE for fire
- Rescue anyone in danger, Activate the alarm, Contain the fire, and Extinguish or Evacuate.
- Use PASS for extinguishers
- Pull the pin, Aim at the base, Squeeze the handle, and Sweep side to side.
- Protect during seizures
- Cushion the head, turn the client to the side, and never force objects into the mouth or restrain movements.
- Handle oxygen safely
- Prohibit smoking and open flames, post warning signs, and secure tanks upright.
- Perform hand hygiene
- Clean hands before and after every client contact and after removing gloves.
- Use personal protective equipment appropriately
- Wear gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection based on anticipated exposure.
- Handle sharps safely
- Dispose of needles in puncture-resistant containers and never recap needles by hand.
- Treat all body fluids as infectious
- Apply precautions to blood and body fluids from every client.
- Apply contact precautions
- Use gloves and gowns for organisms spread by contact; wash with soap and water for C. difficile because alcohol does not kill spores.
- Apply droplet precautions
- Wear a surgical mask within close range for organisms spread by large respiratory droplets.
- Apply airborne precautions
- Use an N95 respirator and a negative-pressure room for tuberculosis, measles, and varicella.
- Maintain a closed catheter system
- Keep urinary drainage bags below bladder level and the system intact to prevent infection.
Health Promotion and Maintenance
占考试 14%- Know infant milestones
- Infants typically achieve head control, then sit unsupported around 6 months, and stand and take steps near 12 months.
- Recognize toddler skills
- A 2-year-old usually walks up stairs and uses two-word phrases.
- Support adolescent development
- Adolescents develop identity, seek independence, and value peer relationships.
- Anticipate older adult changes
- Aging brings slower metabolism and increased risk of falls and constipation, requiring tailored teaching.
- Encourage recommended screenings
- Support blood pressure checks, colorectal screening around age 45, and breast and cervical screening per guidelines.
- Teach that wellness does not replace screening
- Clients need screening even when they feel well, because many conditions are silent early.
- Promote skin cancer prevention
- Advise broad-spectrum sunscreen, protective clothing, and avoiding tanning beds and peak sun.
- Reinforce follow-up of abnormal findings
- Elevated readings such as a blood pressure of 148/94 mmHg warrant lifestyle changes and provider follow-up.
- Start hepatitis B at birth
- The first hepatitis B dose is given shortly after birth to prevent perinatal transmission.
- Follow the childhood schedule
- Multiple vaccines are given in the first two years to build early immunity.
- Address mild expected reactions
- Low-grade fever and soreness are common after vaccination and are usually self-limiting.
- Support catch-up and adult vaccines
- Encourage adolescents and adults to stay current per recommendations.
- Promote balanced activity
- General guidance suggests about 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity weekly plus strength training.
- Prevent constipation naturally
- Adequate fiber, fluids, and activity support normal bowel function without routine laxatives or enemas.
- Support bone health
- Adequate calcium and vitamin D with weight-bearing exercise helps prevent osteoporosis.
- Introduce solids appropriately
- Solid foods begin around 6 months with single-ingredient foods, and honey is avoided in the first year.
- Encourage folic acid
- Folic acid before and during early pregnancy helps prevent neural tube defects.
- Recognize normal pregnancy changes
- Mild dependent edema, breast tenderness, and urinary frequency are common.
- Report pregnancy danger signs
- Vaginal bleeding with cramping, severe or facial swelling, and severe headache must be reported promptly.
- Teach safe infant sleep
- Place infants supine on a firm surface without loose bedding to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome.
Psychosocial Integrity
占考试 12%- Use open-ended and reflective techniques
- Invite the client to say more, and paraphrase or reflect feelings to confirm understanding.
- Acknowledge emotions
- Naming and validating feelings such as anger or fear helps identify underlying concerns.
- Avoid nontherapeutic responses
- Do not give false reassurance, offer advice, minimize feelings, or change the subject.
- Allow silence and pacing
- Give clients time to respond and follow their pace, especially after trauma.
- Reinforce adaptive coping
- Support social support, relaxation techniques, and problem-solving.
- Identify maladaptive coping
- Recognize alcohol use, social withdrawal, and denial as unhealthy responses.
- Support body-image adjustment
- Acknowledge feelings about changes such as a new colostomy before self-care teaching.
- Reduce stimulation during anxiety
- Stay with an anxious client, use a calm voice, and give short, simple directions.
- Recognize grief responses
- Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance may occur in any order.
- Support the grieving client
- Provide presence, listening, and honest, compassionate communication.
- Respect individual and cultural expressions
- Grief varies among individuals and cultures and should not be judged.
- Involve support systems
- Encourage family, spiritual, and community resources as the client wishes.
- Assess suicide risk directly
- Warning signs include giving away possessions and saying goodbye; ask directly and ensure safety.
- Report suspected abuse
- Nurses are mandatory reporters and must report suspected abuse or neglect.
- Manage withdrawal safely
- Provide a quiet, low-stimulation environment and close monitoring during alcohol withdrawal.
- De-escalate agitation
- Use a calm approach, reduce stimulation, and ensure environmental safety.
- Respect decision-making preferences
- Honor a competent client's wish to involve family in decisions.
- Provide culturally sensitive care
- Adapt communication and care to the client's values and beliefs.
- Support spiritual needs
- Facilitate access to spiritual resources the client requests.
- Reassure confused clients
- Offer orientation, calm presence, and comfort to reduce anxiety in confused older adults.
Physiological Integrity
占考试 26%- Prevent pressure injuries
- Reposition immobile clients at least every 2 hours and keep skin clean and dry; avoid vigorous massage of reddened areas.
- Support safe swallowing
- Position clients upright and provide thickened liquids as ordered for dysphagia to prevent aspiration.
- Elevate for tube feeding
- Keep the head of the bed at least 30 degrees during enteral feeding to reduce aspiration risk.
- Promote elimination
- Monitor intake and output and maintain closed urinary drainage systems below bladder level.
- Report worsening heart failure
- A sudden weight gain suggests fluid retention and should be reported promptly.
- Recognize fluid imbalances
- Dry mucous membranes and poor turgor suggest deficit; edema and crackles suggest overload.
- Watch urine output
- Report output persistently below 30 mL per hour as it may indicate impaired perfusion.
- Monitor neurovascular status
- After casting, report severe unrelieved pain and numbness that may indicate compartment syndrome.
- Prevent respiratory complications
- Encourage incentive spirometry, coughing, and deep breathing to prevent atelectasis and pneumonia.
- Protect surgical sites
- Maintain positioning such as abduction after hip replacement to prevent dislocation.
- Recognize embolism
- Sudden dyspnea, chest pain, and confusion after a long-bone fracture may signal fat or pulmonary embolism.
- Monitor invasive devices
- Report continuous bubbling in a chest tube water seal and never clamp a chest tube unnecessarily.
- Treat hypoglycemia promptly
- For glucose around 55 mg/dL with symptoms, give 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate and recheck.
- Recognize thyroid patterns
- Hypothyroidism causes fatigue, cold intolerance, and constipation; hyperthyroidism causes the opposite.
- Watch for post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia
- Tingling around the mouth and muscle twitching require prompt reporting.
- Teach diabetic foot care
- Daily foot inspection and well-fitting shoes prevent injury and support ulcer healing.
- Titrate oxygen carefully in COPD
- Use low-flow oxygen such as 2 L per minute to avoid suppressing respiratory drive.
- Position for breathing
- Use semi-Fowler's or Fowler's position for ascites and respiratory distress.
- Recognize transfusion reactions
- Fever, chills, and flank pain require stopping the transfusion and notifying the RN.
- Identify common presentations
- Right lower quadrant rebound pain suggests appendicitis, and burning with frequency suggests urinary tract infection.
Pharmacology and Medication Administration
占考试 22%- Apply the rights of administration
- Confirm the right client, drug, dose, route, time, reason, and documentation.
- Verify concerns before giving
- If a client says a pill looks unfamiliar, hold it and verify the order and drug.
- Calculate carefully
- Use desired over available times the volume, and double-check high-alert calculations.
- Use scored tablets correctly
- Only scored tablets may be halved to reach an ordered dose such as 1.5 tablets.
- Give intramuscular injections safely
- The ventrogluteal site is preferred because it avoids major nerves and vessels.
- Administer subcutaneous heparin correctly
- Do not aspirate or massage the site to reduce bruising.
- Instill eye and ear drops properly
- Place eye drops in the lower conjunctival sac; pull the adult pinna up and back for ear drops.
- Give medications through feeding tubes
- Verify placement, flush before and after, and do not crush enteric-coated tablets.
- Check apical pulse before digoxin
- Count the apical rate for a full minute and hold for a rate below 60 in adults.
- Monitor anticoagulation
- Warfarin is monitored with prothrombin time and INR.
- Watch electrolytes with diuretics
- Loop diuretics like furosemide can cause hypokalemia.
- Hold potassium when elevated
- Do not give supplemental potassium when the serum level is high, such as 5.8 mEq/L.
- Respond to opioid respiratory depression
- Hold the opioid, stimulate the client, and notify the RN for a rate of 8 and sedation.
- Stop infusions for allergic reactions
- Itching, hives, and facial swelling require stopping the infusion and notifying the RN.
- Report ACE inhibitor cough
- A persistent dry cough should be reported for possible medication change.
- Teach expected versus serious effects
- Iron causes harmless dark stools, while metformin-related muscle pain and dyspnea may signal lactic acidosis.
- Prevent acetaminophen toxicity
- Do not exceed the maximum daily dose and check combination products for acetaminophen.
- Complete antibiotic courses
- Finish the full prescription and do not save or share antibiotics to reduce resistance.
- Teach correct timing
- Take levothyroxine in the morning on an empty stomach and separate tetracyclines from dairy and antacids.
- Do not stop certain drugs abruptly
- Taper corticosteroids as directed to avoid adrenal insufficiency.
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