NASM Certified Personal Trainer — All Questions
4 questions
During an overhead squat assessment, a client's feet turn outward. This most commonly suggests overactivity in the:
- a.Anterior tibialis
- b.Lateral calf muscles (gastrocnemius/soleus complex)✓
- c.Rhomboids
- d.Biceps brachii
Feet that turn out during the overhead squat are commonly associated with overactive calf muscles (lateral gastrocnemius and soleus). Movement assessments identify likely imbalances that guide corrective programming, not medical diagnoses.
A widely taught general estimate of maximal heart rate is:
- a.220 minus the client's age✓
- b.180 plus the client's age
- c.Resting heart rate times two
- d.Body weight in pounds divided by two
The '220 minus age' formula is a common general estimate of maximal heart rate used to set training zones. It is an approximation with individual variability, so it should be applied as a rough guide rather than an exact value.
The overhead squat assessment is best classified as a:
- a.Cardiorespiratory endurance test
- b.One-repetition maximum strength test
- c.Dynamic movement assessment for muscle imbalances✓
- d.Body-composition measurement
The overhead squat is a dynamic-posture movement assessment used to observe how the body moves and to infer potential overactive and underactive muscles. Its findings inform corrective exercise choices.
If a client's knees move inward (adduct) during the overhead squat, which pairing is most likely?
- a.Overactive gluteus medius and underactive adductors
- b.Overactive tibialis anterior and underactive calves
- c.Overactive rhomboids and underactive pectorals
- d.Overactive adductors and underactive gluteus medius✓
Knees that cave inward are commonly associated with overactive hip adductors and underactive hip abductors such as the gluteus medius. Corrective strategies aim to inhibit the overactive tissue and strengthen the underactive tissue.