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SCAN — Speech, Coordination, Appearance, and Notable behavior — is the standardized observation framework taught to RBS servers. Speech: slurring, mumbling, volume changes. Coordination: stumbling, swaying, spilling. Appearance: glassy/bloodshot eyes, flushed face, disheveled. Notable behavior: aggression, depression, sudden mood shifts, inappropriate touching. A patron showing signs in two or more SCAN categories meets the 'obviously intoxicated' standard of §25602 and must be cut off.

The 'obviously intoxicated' standard under §25602 is objective and observational: would a reasonable person in the server's position recognize visible signs of intoxication? No chemical testing, admission, or medical diagnosis is required. Courts examine speech, coordination, appearance, and behavior. Servers should err on the side of caution — if you would not get in a car driven by this patron, you should not serve them another drink.

Loud, animated, disinhibited behavior typically appears around 0.04-0.06% BAC — the 'happy/relaxed' phase that signals impairment is starting. This is the optimal intervention point: slow service, suggest water and food, offer non-alcoholic options. Vomiting (a), inability to stand (c), and falling asleep (d) are late-stage signs at 0.15%+, where refusal is mandatory and immediate medical attention may be needed.

There is no fixed legal 'drink limit' per patron — refusal is based on observed impairment, not a count. Cutting off a sober customer after three drinks would be poor service and not required by law. The correct approach is continuous observation: track pace, watch for early SCAN signs, recommend food/water, and refuse the moment objective impairment appears. Equally, serving a double (c) or pre-pouring (b) without observation is reckless.

Glassy/red eyes, leaning for support, and slowed speech are three SCAN signs from three different categories (Appearance, Coordination, Speech) — collectively meeting the 'obviously intoxicated' standard of §25602. Continued service is a misdemeanor. The bartender must politely refuse, document the refusal, offer water/food, and help arrange a ride. Diluting the drink (b) is still a sale of alcohol and still a §25602 violation.

Accent (b) is not impairment — it is a feature of the patron's language background. Refusing service based on accent risks national-origin discrimination under the Unruh Civil Rights Act and California Civil Code §51. Servers must distinguish 'I can't easily understand this person' from 'this person is slurring.' Slurred speech (a), stumbling (c), and spilling (d) are objective SCAN-category signs that DO support refusal.

Cumulative observation means watching each patron throughout the visit, noting how their speech, coordination, appearance, and behavior change as drinks accumulate. A single slurred word may be ambiguous; the same word combined with a stumble 10 minutes later confirms impairment. Servers should also share observations across shift changes. Letting impairment build without intervention (d) defeats the entire purpose of RBS.

Alcohol is a depressant; intoxicated patrons may express suicidal ideation that requires immediate response. Stop service, alert a manager, and treat the statement as a possible crisis. California requires no specific protocol, but the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline is the recommended national resource; call 911 for imminent self-harm. Ignoring or numbing with more alcohol is dangerous and exposes the establishment to liability.

BAC and observable impairment correlate broadly but imperfectly; tolerant drinkers may hide signs at 0.10%, while sensitive drinkers show signs at 0.04%. California law (§25602) does not require chemical proof — observation by a trained server is the lawful and practical standard. Servers must therefore err on the side of refusal when SCAN signs appear, regardless of the count of drinks the patron has consumed at your bar.

Sudden aggression, mood swings, or hostility are Notable behavior SCAN signs of alcohol impairment, often appearing alongside Speech and Coordination changes. Continued service violates §25602 and creates risk of assault, ejection injury, and liability. Stop service, alert security/manager, separate the patron from others, and arrange safe departure. Never serve a 'calming' drink — adding more alcohol worsens disinhibition.

Dropping or fumbling objects, missing the bar with a glass, struggling to count cash, or having difficulty inserting a credit card are Coordination signs within the SCAN framework. Combined with any other category sign (slurred speech, glassy eyes, slow reactions, mood shift), the observation confirms 'obviously intoxicated' under §25602 and refusal becomes mandatory. Servers should not dismiss fumbling as 'just clumsy' — in a bar setting where you are observing a customer specifically for impairment, motor errors with familiar objects are a textbook indicator.

Alcohol impairs the brain top-down: the cortex (judgment, inhibition) is affected first, then reaction time, then motor cortex (coordination), then brainstem functions (consciousness, breathing). Knowing this progression helps servers recognize the early intervention window (relaxed/disinhibited) when refusal can prevent the late, dangerous stages. Reversing the order (a, b) misunderstands neuroanatomy and would lead servers to wait too long.

Bus. & Prof. Code §25602 prohibits sale to an obviously intoxicated person — there is no 'first drink' exception. A patron who pre-loaded elsewhere or arrived intoxicated must be politely refused, offered non-alcoholic options or water, and helped to safe transportation. Serving even one drink (a, c) is a misdemeanor and a liability exposure. Waiting 30 minutes (d) without action lets the patron get worse and may invite incidents.

Effective monitoring relies on systems, not memory alone. Many POS systems allow servers to flag drinks per guest, and a brief SCAN observation each time you visit the table catches changes early. Verbal handoffs at shift change (and noting heavy drinkers on a clipboard near the well) protect against the patron trick of waiting for a new server who has no observational baseline. Pure memory (a) fails on busy nights, blindly trusting co-workers (b) creates gaps, and reactive observation (c) means harm has already occurred before you act.

Rapid ordering — multiple shots, ordering before finishing the prior drink, 'buying the bar' rounds — does not prove intoxication but reliably predicts a fast rise in BAC. The server's response is to slow pace, recommend food/water, and increase observation frequency. Routine behaviors like ordering water (b), paying by card (c), or tipping (d) are not red flags and should not influence service decisions.