CSLB General Building (B) Trade Practice Test

Câu hỏi luyện tập mẫu

Một vài câu hỏi thực tế từ ngân hàng miễn phí này, kèm giải thích đầy đủ. Dùng công cụ luyện tập ở trên cho toàn bộ.

1. 1. Patient Care

   A patient care technician counts a resting adult patient's radial pulse and gets 78 beats per minute. How should this finding be classified?

   • a.Bradycardia requiring immediate provider notification
   • b.Tachycardia requiring immediate provider notification
   • c.Within the normal adult range of 60-100 beats per minute
   • d.Below normal, indicating possible shock

   Đáp án: c

   Giải thích: The normal resting heart rate for an adult is 60 to 100 beats per minute, so 78 bpm is normal. Bradycardia is a rate below 60 bpm and tachycardia is a rate above 100 bpm. No urgent notification is needed for a normal reading.

2. 2. Patient Care

   When performing perineal care on a female patient, in which direction should the technician cleanse?

   • a.From front to back, away from the urethra
   • b.From back to front, toward the urethra
   • c.In a circular scrubbing motion
   • d.From side to side repeatedly with the same cloth

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: Perineal care on a female patient is performed front to back, moving away from the urethra toward the rectum. This prevents transferring bacteria from the anal area to the urethra, reducing the risk of urinary tract infection. A clean section of the washcloth is used with each stroke.

3. 3. Patient Care

   Before assisting a patient into a tub bath, what is the safest water temperature range?

   • a.About 120-130°F (very warm)
   • b.About 100-105°F (comfortably warm)
   • c.About 80-85°F (cool)
   • d.Whatever temperature the patient prefers, without checking

   Đáp án: b

   Giải thích: Bath water should be about 100 to 105°F, comfortably warm but not hot enough to burn fragile skin. The technician should always check the temperature with a thermometer or the inner wrist before the patient enters. Older adults and those with reduced sensation are especially vulnerable to scald burns.

4. 4. Patient Care

   A patient's chart states 'NPO after midnight' for a scheduled procedure. In the morning the patient asks for water. What should the technician do?

   • a.Withhold food and fluids and explain the patient is NPO, then notify the nurse of the request
   • b.Give a small glass of water since it is only water
   • c.Offer ice chips freely
   • d.Provide a full breakfast

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: NPO means nothing by mouth, so the patient must not receive food or fluids, including water and ice chips, until cleared. The technician should explain the reason kindly and inform the nurse of the patient's request. Giving fluids could force cancellation of the procedure or cause aspiration during anesthesia.

5. 5. Safety & Infection Control

   What is the correct sequence for donning (putting on) personal protective equipment?

   • a.Gown, mask/respirator, goggles/face shield, gloves
   • b.Gloves, gown, mask, goggles
   • c.Mask, gloves, gown, goggles
   • d.Goggles, gloves, gown, mask

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: The correct donning order is gown first, then mask or respirator, then goggles or face shield, and finally gloves. Gloves are put on last so they cover the cuffs of the gown. Following this sequence ensures each item is properly positioned for protection.

   Nguồn: CDC

6. 6. Safety & Infection Control

   A patient is in a physical restraint. How often should the technician typically check the patient and release the restraint for circulation, toileting, and repositioning?

   • a.Once per shift
   • b.Every 4 hours
   • c.At least every 2 hours (or per facility policy), with frequent monitoring
   • d.Only at the end of the day

   Đáp án: c

   Giải thích: A restrained patient must be monitored frequently, with the restraint typically released at least every 2 hours for repositioning, range of motion, toileting, and skin and circulation checks. Continuous monitoring guards against injury, impaired circulation, and skin breakdown. Documentation of checks and the patient's response is required.

7. 7. Phlebotomy

   Which vein is generally the preferred first choice for routine venipuncture in the antecubital area?

   • a.Median cubital vein
   • b.Basilic vein
   • c.Cephalic vein of the wrist
   • d.A vein on the underside of the wrist

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: The median cubital vein is usually the first choice for venipuncture because it is large, well-anchored, and located away from major nerves and arteries. The cephalic vein is a second choice, and the basilic vein is used with caution due to its proximity to the brachial artery and nerves. Veins on the underside of the wrist are avoided due to injury risk.

8. 8. EKG

   Lead V4 of a 12-lead EKG is correctly positioned at:

   • a.The fourth intercostal space at the right sternal border
   • b.The fourth intercostal space at the left sternal border
   • c.The fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line
   • d.The left midaxillary line level with V4

   Đáp án: c

   Giải thích: Lead V4 is placed in the fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line. V4 is generally positioned before V3, and V3 is placed midway between V2 and V4. Correct V4 placement anchors the horizontal plane of the remaining chest leads.

9. 9. EKG

   Lead V6 of a 12-lead EKG is placed at:

   • a.The fifth intercostal space at the left midaxillary line, level with V4 and V5
   • b.The fourth intercostal space at the right sternal border
   • c.The second intercostal space at the sternum
   • d.The left midclavicular line at the fourth intercostal space

   Đáp án: a

   Giải thích: Lead V6 is placed at the fifth intercostal space at the left midaxillary line, horizontally level with V4 and V5. V5 sits between V4 and V6 at the anterior axillary line. Keeping V4, V5, and V6 on the same horizontal level ensures an accurate lateral view of the heart.

10. 10. Professional & Administrative

    A patient has an advance directive on file. What does this document primarily do?

    • a.Authorizes the technician to make all care decisions
    • b.Guarantees the patient will refuse all treatment
    • c.States the patient's wishes for medical care if they become unable to communicate them
    • d.Replaces the need for provider orders

    Đáp án: c

    Giải thích: An advance directive documents a patient's wishes for medical treatment and may name a healthcare proxy for situations when the patient cannot speak for themselves. It guides the care team in honoring the patient's preferences. It supports patient autonomy and should be respected and accessible to the team.