CSLB Law & Business Practice Test
| 主管机构 | Contractors State License Board (CSLB), California Department of Consumer Affairs —— 考试由 PSI Services LLC 承办 |
|---|---|
| 题目数量 | 115 道题——5 家独立备考机构一致;CSLB 未公布。 我们查阅但未找到该数据的来源: CSLB — Step 7: Studying for the Examination |
| 考试时限 | 210 分钟 |
| 及格标准 | CSLB 未公布 我们查阅但未找到该数据的来源: CSLB — Step 7: Studying for the Examination |
| 费用 |
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| 考试语言 | 英语 · 西班牙语 |
常见问题
本题库中有多少道 CSLB 法律与商业练习题？+
1,630 道原创练习题，涵盖 CSLB 法律与商业考试的全部 7 个主题，每道题都附有完整解析和加州法规引用。
CSLB 法律与商业练习是免费的吗？+
是的——练习题完全免费、无需注册，按主题分类、每题都有完整解析。完整的计时模拟考（模考就绪评分、PDF 成绩报告、薄弱环节重考）同样免费。唯一的付费产品是可选的学习指南电子书。
这些是真实的 CSLB 考试题目吗？+
不是。所有题目都是 100% 原创内容，根据公共领域资料编写（加州商业与职业法典、民法典、劳工法典、Title 16 CCR）。我们从不抄袭真实的 CSLB 考题或付费备考机构的题目。
CSLB 法律与商业考试涵盖哪些主题？+
七个主题：商业组织与执照、商业财务、雇佣要求、保险与留置权、合同与履行、公共工程，以及安全。
CSLB 法律与商业考试的及格分数是多少？+
CSLB 不公布及格分。官方表示所需的答对百分比在考场当场告知，且因考试而异；通过者甚至看不到自己的分数。CSLB 同样不公布题目数量——备考机构对两者都会给出数字，那是它们的说法，不是 CSLB 的。CSLB 公布的是时间：3.5 小时，在 PSI 考点进行。
我可以用西班牙语参加 CSLB 考试吗？+
可以——官方 CSLB 考试提供英语和西班牙语版本。其他语言可通过申请翻译协助（需 4–6 周提前期）。PrepPass 的练习题提供英语、中文和 Español 版本。
PrepPass 会记录我答错的题目吗？+
会——免费注册后，“我的错题”筛选功能会只显示你在所有练习中答错的题目。当你重做并答对后，它会自动更新。
样题与解析
以下是本题库中的部分真题与完整解析。完整题库请用上方的刷题工具。
- 1. 企业组织与执照
持有B类"普通建筑承包商"执照的承包商在哪种情况下可以施工？
- a.在新房上进行框架、屋顶和干墙施工
- b.仅对停车场进行平整和铺设
- c.仅安装新的配电盘
- d.仅更换地下水管
答案: a
解析: B类执照持有人可以承接建筑结构合同，并可自行完成两项或多项不相关的分包商工种。仅安装配电盘或更换水管需要C类专业执照，平整/铺设属于A类工作。
依据: Bus. & Prof. Code §7057
- 2. 合同与履行
在私人工程项目中，总承包商收到业主的保留金后，必须在多长时间内向每个分包商转付其保留金？
- a.10天
- b.30天
- c.45天
- d.60天
答案: a
解析: 总承包商收到业主的保留金后，在私人工程项目中必须在10天内向每个分包商释放其保留金份额。
依据: Civil Code §8814
- 3. 商业财务
承包商赢得一项300,000美元的工作，发生总成本264,000美元。占销售价格的利润率是多少？
- a.13.6%
- b.10%
- c.12%
- d.36%
答案: c
解析: 利润 = 300,000美元 − 264,000美元 = 36,000美元。利润率 = 利润 ÷ 销售价格 = 36,000美元 ÷ 300,000美元 = 0.12 = 12%。
- 4. 公共工程
当公众成员向承包商索取公共工程项目的认证工资单记录时，向公众发布的记录必须涂去哪些信息？
- a.所有从事的工种和分类名称
- b.每名工人的姓名、地址和社会安全号码
- c.每名工人完成的工时和支付的工资率
- d.授予合同的公共机构名称
答案: b
解析: 《劳工法》第1776条要求认证工资单可供查阅，但提供给公众的副本必须涂去个人识别信息——例如每名工人的姓名、地址和社会安全号码——以保护工人隐私。
依据: Labor Code §1776
- 5. 合同与履行
根据加州《修复权法》（Civil Code §895及以下条款，由SB 800制定），房主就未另行规定的功能/使用缺陷向建筑商提起建筑缺陷索赔的一般诉讼时效是多少？
- a.明显缺陷 4 年、潜在缺陷 10 年，依 CCP §337.15
- b.自过户完成起 1 年，即装修面层明示保证期
- c.自发现缺陷起 3 年，依一般侵权行为时效
- d.自实质完工起 10 年，特定缺陷类别另有更短期限
答案: d
解析: Civil Code §941(a) 将《修复权法》诉讼的外部期限定为实质完工后 10 年。在该期限内，§896 又为许多缺陷类型规定了更短的期限——管道与下水道 4 年、油漆与污渍 5 年、园艺与灌溉 1 年、噪音传导 2 年——所以答案是分层的，而非单一数字。(a) 是 SB 800 之前 Code of Civil Procedure §337.15 的框架，至今仍适用于该法未涵盖的项目，但不是本题所问的 §896 方案。(b) 把时效与 Civil Code §900 要求建筑商另行提供的一年期明示「装修面层」保证混为一谈。(c) 套用了不动产损害的一般三年发现规则（CCP §338(b)），而 SB 800 已就其涵盖的住宅建筑取代了该规则。
依据: Civil Code §896, §941; cf. Civil Code §900, Code Civ. Proc. §337.15, §338(b)
- 6. 合同与履行
An express warranty in a construction contract is:
- a.A warranty the law imposes whatever the contract happens to say
- b.A specific promise about the work or materials the contractor made
- c.A promise that the finished work will last for all time
- d.A guarantee that only the product's manufacturer is able to give
答案: b
解析: An express warranty is a promise or affirmation of fact the contractor actually makes about the work or the materials — 'this roof will be watertight for ten years' — and it binds because it was said, not because the law supplied it. (a) is the IMPLIED warranty, which arises by operation of law: on residential construction Civil Code §896 sets the standards a builder must meet, and §900 requires a one-year express written warranty on fit and finish. The relationship is the point — express warranties add to implied ones rather than replacing them, and Civil Code §1668 limits how far either can be disclaimed. (c) confuses a warranty with a perpetual guarantee; every warranty has a term, and the periods in §896 and §941 run regardless. (d) confuses a contractor's warranty with a manufacturer's product warranty; both can cover the same installed item.
依据: Civil Code §896, §900; cf. §1668
- 7. 雇佣要求
After a worker complains about unpaid overtime, the employer threatens to report the worker to immigration authorities unless she drops the claim. Under California law, this threat is:
- a.Unlawful retaliation, with penalties and discipline
- b.An ethics problem, but not a legal violation
- c.A permissible tactic in settling a wage claim
- d.Lawful if the worker is in fact undocumented
答案: a
解析: Labor Code §1019 makes it an unlawful employment practice to report or threaten to report a worker's suspected immigration status in retaliation for exercising a protected right, §244(b) confirms that reporting status is retaliation regardless of the worker's actual status, and Business & Professions Code §494.6 allows suspension of a business license for it - on top of §98.6 penalties. (d) is the option that tempts: it treats a true statement as a safe one, but the wrong lies in the coercive purpose, not in the accuracy. (c) reframes coercion as bargaining, which is exactly what §1019 forbids. (b) treats the threat as merely distasteful.
依据: Labor Code §§244(b), 1019, 98.6; Business & Professions Code §494.6
- 8. 商业财务
A quick ratio (acid-test) differs from the current ratio because the quick ratio:
- a.Includes long-term debt
- b.Divides by revenue instead of liabilities
- c.Adds back depreciation
- d.Excludes inventory from current assets
答案: d
解析: The quick ratio removes inventory (and other less-liquid items) from current assets before dividing by current liabilities, giving a stricter measure of the ability to pay short-term debts with the most liquid assets. Construction inventory can be slow to convert to cash.
- 9. 安全
A permit-required confined space is a confined space that has one or more of which characteristics?
- a.Limited entry and exit, and not designed for occupancy
- b.A hazardous atmosphere, engulfment, or entrapment
- c.Any space a worker cannot stand upright in
- d.Any space entered through a hatch or manhole
答案: b
解析: Option (a) is the definition of a confined space: large enough to enter and perform work, with limited or restricted means of entry or exit, and not designed for continuous occupancy. Every permit-required space meets it, but meeting it is not what makes a space permit-required. The permit is added by one or more of four hazards: a hazardous atmosphere, a material with the potential for engulfment, an internal configuration that could trap or asphyxiate through inwardly converging walls or a floor sloping to a smaller cross-section, or any other recognised serious safety or health hazard. Headroom (c) and the shape of the opening (d) appear in neither definition.
依据: 8 CCR §5157(b); 29 CFR 1926.1202
- 10. 保险与留置权
After the owner records a valid Notice of Completion, within how many days must a SUBCONTRACTOR or material supplier record its mechanics lien?
- a.90 days after recording of the notice of completion
- b.60 days after recording of the notice of completion
- c.30 days after recording of the notice of completion
- d.10 days after recording of the notice of completion
答案: c
解析: Under Civil Code §8414, once a notice of completion (or cessation) is recorded, a claimant other than the direct contractor must record its lien within 30 days. The direct contractor gets 60 days after that notice. Absent any such notice, everyone has 90 days after completion.
依据: Civ. Code §8414