Excavated spoil, materials, and equipment must be kept at least how far back from the edge of an excavation?

解析

Section 1541(j)(2) requires excavated material and equipment to be kept at least 2 feet from the edge, or to be held by retaining devices sufficient to stop it falling or rolling in, or both. The setback is doing two jobs at once, which is why the standard offers the alternative: the spoil can roll in on a worker, and its weight is a surcharge load that helps cause the cave-in in the first place. Six inches and one foot are too close to do either. Four feet is more than the standard asks and is the figure a candidate reaches for by confusing the setback with a sloping offset.