Cisco CCNA (200-301)

A router has two routes to 10.1.1.0/24: a static route with administrative distance 1 and an OSPF route with AD 110. Which route is installed in the routing table?

1. AThe OSPF route, because OSPF is dynamic
2. BThe static route, because it has the lower ADCorrect
3. CNeither, they conflict and both are rejected
4. DBoth routes, load-balanced equally

Why: Administrative distance measures the trustworthiness of a routing source, and the route with the lower AD is preferred. A static route (AD 1) is preferred over an OSPF route (AD 110) to the same destination. The less-trusted OSPF route is kept in the OSPF database but not installed while the static route is valid.

On a Cisco switch trunk link using IEEE 802.1Q, how are frames belonging to the native VLAN handled by default?

1. AThey are sent untaggedCorrect
2. BThey are tagged with the highest VLAN ID
3. CThey are tagged with VLAN ID 1
4. DThey are dropped for security

Why: With 802.1Q, frames on the native VLAN traverse the trunk untagged by default, while all other VLANs are tagged with a 4-byte VLAN identifier. The native VLAN must match on both ends of the trunk to avoid a mismatch. For security, administrators often change the native VLAN away from the default VLAN 1.