Nominal damages are awarded when:
Explicación
Nominal damages are a token sum recognising that a right was invaded where no substantial loss was proved; Civil Code §3360 provides for them expressly. They are not pointless: a nominal award still establishes the breach, which can carry a costs or attorney's-fee entitlement with it. (c) describes compensatory damages, the ordinary measure under Civil Code §3300. (d) describes punitive damages under §3294, which punish rather than recognise and are unavailable on a contract claim. (a) describes liquidated damages under §1671 — a figure the parties agreed to in advance, which displaces the need to prove loss at all.
Referencia Legal: Civil Code §3360; cf. §3300, §3294, §1671Practica las 1632 preguntas gratis — sin registro.
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