CSLB General Building (B) — All Questions
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Before administering a medication, the LPN/LVN should verify at least how many client identifiers?
- a.Two✓
- b.One
- c.Four
- d.Five
The standard of care requires at least two client identifiers, such as name and date of birth, before medication administration. The room number is not an acceptable identifier. Correct identification prevents wrong-client errors.
A client is placed on contact precautions for Clostridioides difficile. Which action is essential?
- a.Use alcohol-based hand rub only
- b.Wash hands with soap and water after removing gloves✓
- c.Wear an N95 respirator when entering the room
- d.Keep the client's door closed with negative pressure
C. difficile spores are not reliably killed by alcohol, so hand washing with soap and water is required. An N95 and negative-pressure room are for airborne precautions, not contact. Gloves and gowns are also used for contact precautions.
The LPN/LVN finds a small fire in a trash can in a client's room. Using the RACE acronym, what is the first action?
- a.Extinguish the fire
- b.Activate the alarm
- c.Rescue the client from immediate danger✓
- d.Contain the fire by closing the door
RACE stands for Rescue, Alarm, Contain, and Extinguish. The first priority is to rescue anyone in immediate danger from the fire. Only after people are safe does the nurse activate the alarm, contain, and extinguish.
Which client is at highest risk for falls and should have safety precautions reinforced?
- a.A 30-year-old ambulating independently
- b.A 25-year-old admitted for observation
- c.A 40-year-old awaiting routine discharge
- d.An 80-year-old on sedatives with a history of dizziness✓
Advanced age, sedating medications, and a history of dizziness are major fall-risk factors. Independent younger clients without these factors are at lower risk. Fall precautions such as a low bed and call light within reach are indicated.
The LPN/LVN is about to use a fire extinguisher. Using the PASS technique, what is the first step?
- a.Pull the pin✓
- b.Aim at the flames
- c.Squeeze the handle
- d.Sweep side to side
PASS stands for Pull, Aim, Squeeze, and Sweep. The first step is to pull the safety pin. Then the nurse aims at the base of the fire, squeezes the handle, and sweeps side to side.
A client requires airborne precautions for pulmonary tuberculosis. Which personal protective equipment is required to enter the room?
- a.A standard surgical mask
- b.A fitted N95 respirator✓
- c.A face shield only
- d.A gown and gloves only
Airborne precautions for tuberculosis require a fitted N95 respirator and a negative-pressure room. A standard surgical mask does not filter the small airborne droplet nuclei. Respiratory protection is essential to prevent transmission.
The LPN/LVN prepares to move a heavy client up in bed. Which action best protects the nurse from injury?
- a.Bend at the waist and lift with the back
- b.Move the client alone quickly
- c.Use a friction-reducing device and get help✓
- d.Keep the feet close together for balance
Using a friction-reducing device and additional staff reduces strain and prevents injury. Lifting with the back and working alone increase injury risk. A wide base of support and using leg muscles also protect the nurse.
Which action reduces the risk of a medication error during administration?
- a.Preparing medications for several clients at once and giving them later
- b.Relying on memory instead of the medication record
- c.Leaving medications at the bedside for the client to take later
- d.Checking the medication label against the order three times✓
Checking the label against the order three times and following the rights of administration reduces errors. Pre-pouring for multiple clients and leaving medications at the bedside increase risk. Medications should be given and documented immediately.
A client with a seizure disorder begins to have a generalized seizure. What is the priority nursing action?
- a.Protect the head and turn the client to the side✓
- b.Insert a padded tongue blade into the mouth
- c.Restrain the client's arms and legs
- d.Hold the client firmly to stop the movements
During a seizure the nurse protects the client from injury by cushioning the head and turning them to the side to maintain the airway. Nothing should be forced into the mouth, and the client should not be restrained. Movements should not be held back.
The LPN/LVN receives a client's meal tray. Before assisting with feeding, what should the nurse verify first?
- a.The temperature of the food
- b.The client's name against the diet order and tray card✓
- c.The client's favorite foods
- d.Whether the client wants dessert first
The nurse must confirm the tray matches the correct client and the prescribed diet before feeding, preventing errors such as giving a regular diet to a client who is NPO. Food temperature and preferences are secondary. Matching client to order is a core safety check.
Which finding requires the LPN/LVN to question the use of physical restraints?
- a.A current provider order specifying type and duration
- b.Documentation of less restrictive measures tried first
- c.The restraint was applied only for staff convenience✓
- d.Regular monitoring of skin and circulation
Restraints may never be used for staff convenience or discipline. They require a time-limited provider order, trial of less restrictive alternatives, and frequent monitoring. Using restraints for convenience is unsafe and unethical.
The LPN/LVN notes a client's oxygen is in use. Which safety instruction is most important?
- a.Allow smoking in the room if the window is open
- b.Use petroleum-based lip balm freely
- c.Store the oxygen tank lying flat on the floor
- d.Post 'no smoking' signs and keep oxygen away from open flames✓
Oxygen supports combustion, so open flames and smoking must be prohibited and clearly posted. Petroleum-based products near oxygen are a fire hazard, and tanks should be secured upright. Fire prevention is the priority with oxygen therapy.
A client's identification band is missing at the time of a blood glucose check. What should the LPN/LVN do first?
- a.Verify identity and apply a new band before proceeding✓
- b.Proceed using the room number as identification
- c.Ask the client next door to confirm the client's name
- d.Skip the check until the next shift
A missing identification band must be replaced after verifying identity before care that depends on correct identification. Room numbers and other clients are not reliable identifiers. Accurate identification prevents errors.
Which practice best prevents catheter-associated urinary tract infection?
- a.Routinely irrigating the catheter every shift
- b.Keeping the drainage bag below the level of the bladder✓
- c.Disconnecting the tubing to collect samples
- d.Placing the drainage bag on the client's abdomen during transport
Keeping the drainage bag below bladder level prevents backflow of urine and reduces infection risk. Unnecessary irrigation and breaking the closed system increase infection risk. Maintaining a closed, dependent drainage system is key.