Preguntas de práctica de ejemplo

Algunas preguntas reales de este banco gratuito, con explicaciones completas. Usa la herramienta de arriba para el banco completo.

1. 1. Principles of Real Estate

   In a general agency relationship, which duty requires a real estate licensee to place the principal's interests above the licensee's own?

   • a.The duty of loyalty (obedience and putting the principal first)
   • b.The duty of price fixing
   • c.The duty to guarantee a sale
   • d.The duty to appraise the property

   Respuesta: a

   Explicación: Loyalty is a core fiduciary duty owed by an agent to a principal, requiring the agent to act in the principal's best interest. In Florida, however, most licensees work as transaction brokers rather than single agents, which changes the specific duties owed. Fiduciary-style duties are strongest in a single-agent relationship.

2. 2. Principles of Real Estate

   The right of one party to use another's land for a specific purpose, such as a driveway or utility line, is a(n):

   • a.Easement
   • b.Encroachment
   • c.Deed restriction
   • d.Lien

   Respuesta: a

   Explicación: An easement is a nonpossessory right to use another owner's land for a specific purpose. An easement appurtenant benefits an adjacent parcel, while an easement in gross benefits a person or company such as a utility. Easements can affect a property's value and use.

3. 3. License Law & Rules

   Which Florida body is primarily responsible for administering and enforcing the real estate license law under Chapter 475?

   • a.The Florida Real Estate Commission (FREC)
   • b.The Florida Bar
   • c.The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
   • d.The National Association of REALTORS

   Respuesta: a

   Explicación: The Florida Real Estate Commission (FREC) administers and enforces Chapter 475 of the Florida Statutes, which governs real estate licensing and practice. FREC operates within the Department of Business and Professional Regulation (DBPR). Its duties include rulemaking, licensing, and discipline. Specific rules can change over time.

4. 4. License Law & Rules

   An 'earnest money deposit' delivered by a buyer with an offer is typically held by the:

   • a.Broker or an authorized escrow holder such as a title company
   • b.Buyer's personal bank in the buyer's own account
   • c.County property appraiser
   • d.Listing sign company

   Respuesta: a

   Explicación: Earnest money deposits are typically held in escrow by a neutral party such as the broker, a title company, or an attorney. The funds show the buyer's good faith and are credited or handled per the contract at closing. Florida sets time limits for depositing these funds into escrow.

5. 5. Contracts

   For a real estate contract to be enforceable, the Statute of Frauds generally requires that it be:

   • a.In writing and signed by the party to be charged
   • b.Approved by the local zoning board
   • c.Recorded with the county before signing
   • d.Notarized by a real estate licensee

   Respuesta: a

   Explicación: The Statute of Frauds requires contracts for the sale of real estate to be in writing and signed to be enforceable. This protects parties from fraudulent claims based on oral agreements. Certain short-term leases may be exceptions, but purchase agreements must be written.

6. 6. Contracts

   If a buyer and seller mutually agree to cancel their contract and return to their pre-contract positions, this is called:

   • a.Rescission
   • b.Novation
   • c.Specific performance
   • d.Assignment

   Respuesta: a

   Explicación: Rescission is the cancellation of a contract that returns the parties to their original positions, as if the contract had not been made. It can be mutual or, in some cases, granted by a court. Any consideration exchanged is typically returned.

7. 7. Finance

   A VA loan is designed primarily to benefit:

   • a.First-time commercial developers
   • b.Foreign investors
   • c.Eligible veterans and certain service members
   • d.Local governments

   Respuesta: c

   Explicación: VA loans are guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs for eligible veterans, active service members, and certain surviving spouses. The guarantee allows favorable terms, often including no down payment. The VA guarantees rather than directly makes most of these loans.

8. 8. Finance

   'Equity' in a property is best defined as:

   • a.The total amount originally borrowed
   • b.The annual property tax bill
   • c.The market value of the property minus the debts secured against it
   • d.The broker's commission

   Respuesta: c

   Explicación: Equity is the owner's financial interest in a property, calculated as market value minus any outstanding liens or mortgage balances. Equity grows as the loan is paid down and as the property appreciates. It represents the portion of value the owner truly owns.

9. 9. Valuation & Appraisal

   Under the principle of regression, a high-value home located among lower-value homes will tend to:

   • a.Increase the value of all neighbors to its level
   • b.Have no effect on its own value
   • c.Be pulled downward in value by the lesser surrounding properties
   • d.Automatically become the neighborhood standard

   Respuesta: c

   Explicación: The principle of regression states that the value of a superior property is adversely affected by the presence of inferior surrounding properties. Conversely, progression holds that a lesser property benefits from higher-value neighbors. Both relate to conformity.

10. 10. Real Estate Math

    Annual property taxes are $3,600. Using a 360-day year, what is the daily proration amount?

    • a.$10.00
    • b.$100.00
    • c.$1.00
    • d.$30.00

    Respuesta: a

    Explicación: Using a 360-day year, divide annual taxes by 360: $3,600 / 360 = $10.00 per day. Prorations allocate expenses like taxes between buyer and seller at closing. Many closings use a 360-day (banker's) year for simplicity.