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HO-3 is the standard owner-occupied form. It insures the dwelling and other structures on an open-perils basis and covers personal property on a named-perils basis, giving most homeowners the right balance of price and coverage.

HO-5 is the Comprehensive form. It upgrades HO-3 by writing personal property on an open-perils basis as well, making it the broadest standard homeowners coverage available.

HO-4 is the renter or tenant form. It has no dwelling coverage at all and instead provides Coverage C (personal property) and Section II liability (Coverages E and F) for someone who does not own the building.

HO-8 is the Modified form. It is used for older or historic homes whose replacement cost greatly exceeds market value; dwelling losses are settled on an actual cash value or functional-replacement basis rather than full replacement cost.

Coverage B is set at 10% of Coverage A as additional insurance. It covers detached structures such as a shed, fence, or detached garage and does not reduce the amount available under Coverage A.

Coverage C on owner-occupied forms is standardly 50% of Coverage A. The insured may increase or decrease this percentage, and tenant or condo policies set their own Coverage C limit because they have no Coverage A.

Coverage D is the Loss of Use coverage. It pays additional living expense, fair rental value, and limited civil-authority benefits when a covered Section I loss makes the residence unfit to live in. It reimburses only the increase above the household's normal cost of living.

The standard minimum Coverage E limit is $100,000 per occurrence. It is commonly increased to $300,000 or $500,000, and a personal umbrella policy can be added on top for higher liability exposures.

Section 10102 requires the insurer to provide the residential property insurance disclosure prior to, or concurrent with, the application, in no less than 10-point type, and to obtain the applicant's signed acknowledgment of receipt. The form explains actual cash value, replacement cost, extended replacement cost, guaranteed replacement cost and building code upgrade coverage; warns that the insured may be underinsured and that replacement cost is not market value; notes that earthquake, flood and landslide are excluded; and gives the Department of Insurance's contact information. It must be redelivered every other year at renewal. (a) is wrong because this is an application-stage document, not a post-issuance mailing; (b) is wrong because it is owed to every residential applicant, not only to one who asks; and (d) is wrong because the first delivery precedes the policy rather than following it.

Open-perils coverage reverses the presumption. All direct physical loss is covered unless the policy specifically excludes it, so the insurer carries the burden of proving an exclusion applies. This is why HO-3 and HO-5 provide broader coverage than HO-2.

California Insurance Code §10081 and following sections require insurers that write residential property to make a mandatory written offer of earthquake coverage. The insured may accept or reject in writing, and the offer must be made at least every other renewal.

Section 2060(b)(1) provides that where the loss relates to a state of emergency, coverage for additional living expenses shall be for a period of no less than 24 months from the inception of the loss. The insurer must then grant an extension of up to 12 additional months — 36 in total — where the insured is delayed in reconstruction by circumstances beyond their control, such as permit delays, shortages of materials or unavailability of contractors, with further six-month extensions available for good cause. (a) quotes the separate two-week minimum §2060 sets for a loss in which an order of civil authority denies access to the residence, which is a different subdivision and a different situation; (c) names a 12-month floor the statute does not contain; and (d) is wrong because §2060 imposes a statutory minimum that the declarations page cannot undercut.

CIC §675.1 prohibits non-renewal or cancellation for one year after a Governor-declared state of emergency from a wildfire or other disaster, provided the insured did not commit fraud and continues to pay the premium. The protection covers residential property within the affected area.

Flood, including surface water and the overflow of streams or rivers, is excluded under every standard homeowners form. Flood is insured separately through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) or a private flood insurer.

Earth movement, including earthquake, is a standard exclusion. Coverage exists only when the insured adds an earthquake endorsement to the homeowners policy or purchases a separate California Earthquake Authority (CEA) or private earthquake policy.

The 80% insurance-to-value requirement applies to dwelling replacement cost. If the dwelling is insured to at least 80% of full replacement cost at the time of loss, the insurer pays replacement cost up to the limit; below 80%, the insurer pays the greater of actual cash value or a coinsurance penalty calculation.

Section 676 provides that once a policy described in §675 has been in effect for 60 days — or immediately, if the policy is a renewal — no notice of cancellation is effective unless it rests on something that occurred AFTER the effective date and falls within the statute's closed list: nonpayment of premium; conviction of the named insured of a crime having as an element an act increasing an insured hazard; discovery of fraud or material misrepresentation in obtaining the policy or in pursuing a claim; discovery of grossly negligent acts or omissions substantially increasing an insured hazard; or physical changes in the insured property that render it uninsurable. (a) describes the freedom the insurer has only during the first 60 days, which is exactly what §676 withdraws afterwards; (b) invents a consent requirement the statute does not contain; and (d) fails because an underwriting-appetite mismatch is not a physical change occurring after inception.

The standard mortgage clause requires at least 10 days' written notice of cancellation to the mortgagee. The clause also protects the mortgagee's interest even when the insured's act or neglect would otherwise void coverage, in exchange for the mortgagee paying premium on request and providing proof of loss if the insured does not.

The standard special limit for theft of jewelry, watches, and furs is $1,500. To insure valuable jewelry above this sublimit, the insured should schedule the items under a scheduled personal property endorsement, which removes the sublimit and broadens perils to open-perils.

The standard theft sublimit for firearms is $2,500. Silverware and goldware also carry a $2,500 theft sublimit. As with jewelry, a higher value can be insured by scheduling the items separately under a scheduled personal property endorsement.

Loss assessment coverage pays the unit owner's share of an assessment levied by the condominium or homeowners association because of a covered loss to commonly owned property, subject to a sublimit (often $1,000 unless increased by endorsement). It is a key feature of the HO-6 form.

Under the liberalization clause, if the insurer broadens coverage under the form without requiring additional premium during the policy term, the broader coverage applies automatically to all existing policies. It protects insureds from being stuck with narrower coverage solely because their policy was issued earlier.

Section II excludes bodily injury or property damage that is expected or intended by the insured. Intentional acts are not covered, even if the resulting injury is greater than expected. The other examples involve negligence-type incidents that fall within Coverage E and F.

The standard limit for personal property usually located away from the residence premises (such as items stored elsewhere or in a college dorm) is the greater of 10% of Coverage C or $1,000. This sublimit does not apply to personal property in a newly acquired principal residence for the first 30 days.

On HO-3 and HO-5, the standard Coverage D limit is 20% of Coverage A. HO-8 uses 10% of Coverage A, while the tenant (HO-4) and condo (HO-6) forms use 30% of Coverage C because there is no Coverage A on those policies.

The HO-3 (special form) is the most widely purchased Homeowners policy. It insures the dwelling and other structures on an open-perils basis while covering personal property on a named-perils basis. HO-2 covers both on named-perils, HO-4 is the renters form, and HO-8 is a modified form for older homes. The HO-5 comprehensive form extends open-perils coverage to personal property as well.

The HO-4 form is the renters (tenants) policy. It covers the tenant's personal property and provides personal liability and loss-of-use coverage, but not the building, which is the landlord's responsibility. HO-6 is for condominium unit owners who own the interior, and HO-3 and HO-8 are owner-occupied dwelling forms that include structural coverage the renter does not need.

The HO-6 form is designed for condominium unit owners. It covers the unit owner's personal property and the portions of the building the owner is responsible for (typically interior walls, fixtures, and improvements), along with personal liability and loss of use. The condo association's master policy covers the building structure and common areas, so HO-6 fills the gap for the individual unit owner.

Coverage D (Loss of Use) pays additional living expenses, the reasonable extra costs of maintaining a normal standard of living, when a covered loss makes the residence uninhabitable, such as hotel and increased meal costs. Coverage A insures the dwelling structure, while Coverages E and F are the Section II liability coverages. Loss of use addresses the insured's indirect costs, not the physical damage.

Medical Payments to Others (Coverage F) is a no-fault, goodwill coverage that pays reasonable medical expenses for a non-resident injured on the insured premises or by the insured's activities, whether or not the insured is legally liable. It does not cover the insured or regular household residents. Paying small medical claims quickly helps preserve goodwill and can prevent larger liability lawsuits.

Homeowners policies apply special limits (sublimits) to certain high-value or high-theft categories such as jewelry, watches, furs, firearms, cash, and silverware. These items are covered, but only up to a stated dollar cap that is lower than the overall Coverage C limit. To fully protect valuable items, the insured can schedule them on a personal articles (scheduled property) endorsement for broader, itemized coverage.

The HO-8 modified form is designed for older or historic homes where replacing with identical materials would cost far more than the home's market value. It settles losses on a functional replacement or actual cash value basis rather than full replacement cost, keeping the policy affordable and insurable. Renters use HO-4, condo owners use HO-6, and the broadest coverage is the HO-5 comprehensive form.

A Homeowners policy is a package written for an owner who occupies the dwelling as a residence, which is why it can bundle building, contents and liability in one contract. The answer about holding the mortgage confuses the lender's interest with occupancy; a mortgagee is simply named on the declarations and is not the person who must be eligible.

Owner-occupancy is the eligibility test for a Homeowners form, so a pure rental property is written on a Dwelling policy instead, with rental income insured as fair rental value. The insurable-interest answer is wrong because an owner plainly stands to lose money if the rental house burns.

A renter does not own the structure, so the tenants form insures contents and loss of use and carries no dwelling limit; the landlord insures the building separately. The open-perils answer describes the HO-5, since contents on a tenants form are written on the broad list of named perils.

The unit-owners form carries a small built-in Coverage A of $5,000 for building property such as interior fixtures, cabinets and floor coverings that the association's master policy does not insure. That limit is routinely raised by endorsement when the unit has costly built-ins, so the $25,000 answer describes a bought-up limit rather than the standard one.

The comprehensive form applies open perils to the dwelling and to contents, so the insurer must name an exclusion in order to deny either kind of loss. The HO-3 answer is the common trap: it writes the dwelling open perils but leaves contents on the broad list of named perils, and the HO-8 is the modified form for an older home.

The broad form runs both the building and the contents off the same list of named perils, so a loss is paid only if the insured can point to a peril on that list. The answer that puts open perils on the dwelling alone describes the HO-3, and the fire-and-lightning answer describes a much narrower basic form.

The modified form exists for an older home whose replacement cost far exceeds its market value, and it pays the cost to repair or replace using common construction materials and methods rather than reproducing ornate original work. The full-replacement-cost answer describes the dwelling settlement on an HO-3, which is exactly what the modified form is designed to avoid.

Open perils covers direct physical loss unless the cause is excluded, so the insured shows a loss occurred and the burden shifts to the insurer to identify the exclusion it relies on. The answer that makes the insured prove the peril is on a list states the named-perils rule, which is how contents are handled on an HO-3.

Coverage B is provided at 10% of Coverage A, and 10% of $280,000 is $28,000, so the owner absorbs the remaining $6,000 of rebuilding cost. The $34,000 answer assumes other structures are paid up to their full rebuilding cost; the limit is a stated percentage, and it is an additional amount of insurance rather than a slice carved out of Coverage A.

Coverage B picks up structures set apart from the dwelling by clear space, or joined to it only by a fence, utility line or similar connection, so a free-standing garage, a storage shed or an in-ground pool belongs there. The attached-garage answer is wrong because a structure sharing a wall with the house is part of the dwelling and draws on Coverage A.

Coverage B drops a structure that is rented to someone who is not a tenant of the dwelling, and it also drops any structure held for business use; a detached garage rented to a tenant of the home is the narrow exception. The answer paying the full Coverage B limit ignores both the rental and the business use, and the structure is detached, so Coverage A never reaches it.

Personal property is written at 50% of the dwelling limit on the standard form, so 50% of $240,000 gives $120,000 of Coverage C. The $24,000 answer applies the 10% figure that belongs to other structures, and the $240,000 answer would insure contents to the full value of the building.

The 50% figure is the amount built into the form, and a household with heavy furnishings can buy the limit up for extra premium while a sparsely furnished home can have it reduced by endorsement. The answer calling it unchangeable misreads a standard starting point as a hard cap, and the limit is set when the policy is written, not after a loss is reported.

Contents are covered anywhere in the world, but property usually located at a residence of an insured other than the residence premises is capped at the greater of 10% of Coverage C or $1,000. The version built on Coverage A uses the dwelling limit, which is not the base for contents, and the flat answer throws away the greater-of test that protects a large contents limit.

Loss of use has two halves: additional living expense keeps the insured's own household at its normal standard of living, while fair rental value replaces the rent lost on a portion of the premises held for rental, less any expenses that stop. The motel answer describes the additional living expense side, and neither half responds when the underlying peril is excluded.

Coverage D on an owner-occupied form is written at 30% of the dwelling limit, and 30% of $310,000 is $93,000. The $31,000 answer applies the 10% figure that belongs to other structures, and the $155,000 answer applies the 50% contents relationship to the wrong coverage.

A tenant has no dwelling limit to work from, so loss of use on the tenants form is pegged to contents at 30% of Coverage C. The answer using 50% of Coverage C is the unit-owners relationship, and both answers built on Coverage A assume a dwelling limit the tenants form does not carry.

The unit-owners form writes Coverage D at 50% of Coverage C, so 50% of $60,000 gives $30,000 for additional living expense and fair rental value combined. The $18,000 answer applies the 30% relationship used on the tenants form, and $5,000 is the small built-in building-property limit, not a loss of use figure.

Additional living expense reimburses the increase in living costs needed to keep the household at its normal standard, so $2,600 minus $1,700 leaves $900 a month. Paying the whole hotel bill would hand the family the grocery and utility money they were already spending anyway, which is more than indemnity allows.

Weight of ice, snow or sleet sits on the broad list alongside fire, windstorm, explosion, riot, aircraft, vehicles, smoke, vandalism, theft, falling objects, freezing and volcanic eruption. Seepage that continues over a period of time, settling and rust are all maintenance conditions the form treats as the owner's problem rather than sudden accidental losses.

The form withdraws the vandalism peril once the dwelling has stood vacant for more than the stated number of consecutive days immediately before the loss, because an empty house is a far easier target. Whether the police make an arrest has nothing to do with coverage, and a prior claim does not remove a peril from the policy.

Freezing of plumbing, heating or sprinkler systems is excluded while the dwelling is vacant, unoccupied or under construction unless the insured used reasonable care either to maintain heat in the building or to shut off the water supply and drain the system. With the heat deliberately off, draining is the only route left, so notifying the insurer or buying a larger limit changes nothing.

The peril is accidental discharge or overflow of water or steam, and the word that decides these two claims is sudden: a line that lets go without warning qualifies, while constant or repeated seepage over a period of time is treated as a maintenance failure and excluded. Reading both as covered water damage ignores the sudden-and-accidental requirement built into the peril.

The earth movement exclusion sweeps in earthquake, landslide, mudflow, sinkhole collapse and the settling or shifting of the ground, which is why quake coverage has to be bought back separately. Calling it a water damage loss picks the wrong exclusion, and the falling-object peril is about something striking the building from outside, not the ground moving beneath it.

The water damage exclusion covers three ideas at once: flood and surface water, water below the surface of the ground, and water that backs up through sewers or drains, so the unendorsed policy pays nothing here. A water back-up endorsement can be added for a stated limit, which is why treating the loss as permanently uninsurable is wrong.

Section I excludes the increased cost of construction, demolition and repair that comes from enforcing a building ordinance or law, so the dwelling limit responds to the fire damage but not to the upgrade the code demands. Other structures covers detached buildings, and loss of use pays living costs, so neither reaches a code-driven construction cost.

The power failure exclusion applies when the failure of power or another utility service takes place away from the residence premises; had the failure happened on the premises and led to a covered peril there, the ensuing loss would be paid. Food is ordinary personal property and is not excluded, so the answer blaming the property type identifies the wrong reason.

Neglect means the insured's failure to use all reasonable means to save and preserve property at and after the time of a loss, and it is a Section I exclusion, so the damage that spreads while the building sits open is not paid even though the original fire is covered. Calling the later damage an ensuing water loss ignores that the insured's own inaction let it in.

Governmental action means the destruction, confiscation or seizure of property by order of a public authority, and it is one of the standard Section I exclusions, so a demolition ordered by the municipality is not an insured loss. The collapse answer describes an abrupt structural failure from a listed cause, not a deliberate teardown carried out under a public order.

Coverage C leaves out motor vehicles and their equipment, along with aircraft, animals, and the property of roomers and boarders, because those exposures belong on an auto or specialty policy. A riding mower is not treated as an excluded motor vehicle when it is used to service the residence and is not licensed for road use, and a bicycle is ordinary personal property.

Coverage C insures property owned or used by an insured and by household residents related to the insured, and it specifically excludes property of roomers and boarders who are not related, along with property in an apartment regularly rented to others. The boarder needs a tenants policy of his own, so answers paying any part of Coverage C for his goods are wrong.

The dwelling settles at replacement cost with no deduction for depreciation when the amount of insurance is at least 80% of full replacement cost, and $340,000 divided by $400,000 is 85%. That clears the test, so the full $50,000 repair cost is paid. The $38,000 answer is the actual cash value, which is how contents rather than the dwelling would settle.

Because $210,000 is only 70% of replacement cost, the insured falls under the 80% requirement and the policy pays the greater of actual cash value or the proportion the limit bears to 80% of replacement cost. Eighty percent of $300,000 is $240,000, and $210,000 divided by $240,000 is 0.875, so 0.875 times $30,000 gives $26,250, which beats the $18,000 actual cash value.

Personal property settles at actual cash value on the unendorsed form, which is replacement cost minus depreciation, so $2,400 less half its value leaves $1,200. Paying the full $2,400 is what a personal property replacement cost endorsement would buy, and the deductible still comes off whichever settlement basis applies.

The deductible is retained by the insured and comes off the amount otherwise payable for a Section I loss, so $8,400 minus $1,500 leaves $6,900. The $9,900 answer adds the deductible instead of subtracting it, and paying the full $8,400 would ignore the retention the insured accepted in exchange for a lower premium.

On a standard unendorsed form the special limit for money and coins is $200 and the limit for theft of jewelry, watches and furs is $1,500, so the payment is $200 + $1,500 = $1,700 before any deductible. The $4,600 figure ignores both special limits and simply pays the full loss. The $4,200 figure caps the cash but forgets that stolen jewelry carries its own $1,500 cap.

Theft of firearms and related equipment is subject to a $2,500 special limit on a standard unendorsed form, so the large Coverage C limit does not help and the policy pays $2,500 toward the $6,000 collection. The $1,500 figure is the theft limit for jewelry, watches and furs, not firearms. Paying the full $6,000 ignores the special limit entirely.

Theft of silverware, goldware and pewterware carries a $2,500 special limit on the standard form, so $2,500 of the $9,000 loss is paid. The $1,500 figure belongs to theft of jewelry, watches and furs. Paying the full $9,000 would ignore the class limit, which is why owners of a large service schedule it separately.

A Coverage C special limit caps the whole class of property in one loss, not each article, so a single $1,500 limit applies to all jewelry taken in the burglary and the pair brings $1,500. Treating the cap as per item would produce $3,000, and paying $4,000 ignores the special limit. Scheduling each ring is the way to insure them for full value.

Securities, accounts, deeds, evidences of debt, manuscripts, tickets and stamps share a $1,500 special limit on the standard form, and that limit applies to loss by any covered peril rather than theft alone. The $200 figure is the limit for money and coins. The $2,500 figure is the theft limit for firearms or for silverware and goldware.

Watercraft, together with their trailers, furnishings, equipment and outboard motors, share one $1,500 special limit under Coverage C on the standard form. That single limit covers the boat and everything that goes with it, so a real boat needs its own watercraft policy. The $2,500 figure belongs to firearms, silverware or business property, not watercraft.

Business property on the residence premises carries a $2,500 special limit on the standard form, so $4,500 of the $7,000 exposure is uninsured. The $1,500 figure is the jewelry-theft and watercraft limit, and $500 is the credit card and forgery amount. A home business of this size belongs on a business owners policy or an endorsement.

The $2,500 special limit on silverware, goldware and pewterware is written for loss by theft, so a fire loss is settled under the ordinary Coverage C limit instead of the sublimit. The answer applying $2,500 to any peril confuses a theft sublimit with a class limit that runs across all perils. No special limit doubles because the peril happened to be fire.

Money, bank notes, bullion, coins, medals and similar items carry the lowest special limit on the standard form, $200, and it applies to loss by any covered peril. Deeds and manuscripts sit in the $1,500 class, while firearms and silverware each carry $2,500 for theft. Cash kept at home is therefore very lightly insured.

This additional coverage is limited to 5% of the Coverage A limit in any one loss, here 5% of $300,000 = $15,000, but no more than $500 for any one tree, shrub or plant. Three trees at $500 each comes to $1,500, well under the $15,000 ceiling. The $15,000 answer applies only the aggregate cap, and $3,600 ignores the per-item cap.

The fire department service charge additional coverage pays up to $500 for a charge the insured becomes liable for when a department is called to save covered property, and no deductible applies to it. A $900 bill therefore brings $500 rather than the full amount. The answer that subtracts a deductible misreads how this additional coverage is written.

This additional coverage pays up to $500 for the insured's legal obligation from unauthorized use of a credit or fund transfer card, forgery of a check, and acceptance of counterfeit paper currency, and no deductible applies. The $1,000 figure is the loss assessment amount. The $2,500 figure belongs to firearms, silverware or business property.

Loss assessment is an additional coverage with a standard limit of $1,000 for the insured's share of an assessment charged by the association after a loss to property owned collectively, so the owner keeps $3,300 of the $4,300 charge. The full-payment answer treats loss assessment as if it shared the Coverage A limit. A higher amount can be bought by endorsement.

The landlord's furnishings additional coverage insures appliances, carpeting and other household furnishings in an apartment on the residence premises that is rented or held for rental, up to $2,500. The $1,000 answer is the loss assessment limit and $500 is the credit card and forgery amount. Theft of those furnishings is outside this additional coverage.

Ordinance or law is an additional coverage of up to 10% of the Coverage A limit for the increased cost of construction needed to meet a code when repairing covered damage, and 10% of $250,000 is $25,000. The 5% figure is the trees, shrubs and plants aggregate. The $2,500 figure is a Coverage C special limit, not a rebuilding allowance.

Property removed from the premises because it is endangered by a covered peril is insured against direct loss from any cause for 30 days while removed, an unusually broad grant. The 90-day answer stretches the period, and limiting the coverage to theft or to named perils understates it. This coverage does not increase the limit on the removed property.

Additional coverages are grants the form supplies for specific expenses, each with its own stated dollar amount or percentage, rather than limits the insured picks on the declarations. The answer describing a limit the insured selects describes Coverage A through Coverage D. Nothing requires the Coverage A limit to be used up first before one applies.

The reasonable repairs additional coverage pays the necessary cost of measures taken solely to protect covered property from further damage after a covered loss, which is exactly what tarping an opened roof does. Debris removal pays to haul away wreckage rather than to prevent more damage. This coverage does not increase the limit on the damaged property.

Debris removal pays the reasonable expense of removing the debris of covered property when a covered peril causes the loss, and that expense is included in the limit applying to the damaged property. Routine trash collection and voluntary demolition of an undamaged building are maintenance decisions, not losses. The coverage follows the insured's own covered property.

Collapse is an additional coverage that responds to an abrupt falling in of a building caused by one of the causes the form lists, such as hidden decay, hidden insect or vermin damage, or the weight of contents, equipment or people. Settling, cracking, bulging and expansion are specifically not a collapse, and long-known wear is not a listed cause.

Coverage E carries a standard minimum of $100,000 for each occurrence, and higher limits can be purchased for a modest premium. It is an occurrence limit covering all damages from one event, so the per-person answer misreads the structure. Coverage F, medical payments to others, is the Section II coverage written on a per-person basis.

Coverage E pays damages the insured is legally liable for up to the limit, and defense is provided at the insurer's expense in addition to that limit, so $100,000 of damages plus $30,000 of defense costs comes to $130,000. The $100,000 answer treats defense as if it eroded the limit, which is how a defense-inside-the-limits policy works, not a homeowners form.

Coverage F medical payments to others is written per person with a standard minimum of $1,000, so $1,000 of the $2,600 is paid and the balance is not a Coverage F matter. The $100,000 figure is the Coverage E personal liability limit, which responds only if the insured is legally liable. No fault has to be shown to trigger Coverage F.

Medical payments to others is written for people outside the household; it excludes bodily injury to the named insured, the resident spouse and other residents of the household, so a resident daughter brings nothing. Her care is a health insurance matter instead. The answer paying $1,000 forgets that the residency test comes before the no-fault feature.

Section II defines an insured to include the named insured and resident spouse, resident relatives, and any other person under 21 who is in the care of an insured, which covers a foster child living in the household. Blood relationship is not required for that group. Nobody has to be listed by name on the declarations to qualify as an insured.

Section II extends the definition of an insured to a person legally responsible for an animal owned by an insured while that person is using it with permission, so the friend walking the dog is an insured for that use. He is not an insured for his own unrelated activities. He is not a claimant either, since the bitten passerby is the one making the claim.

First aid expenses an insured incurs for others after a covered bodily injury are one of the Section II additional coverages, paid in addition to the Coverage E and Coverage F limits rather than out of them. The answer charging the payment against Coverage F confuses an additional coverage with the medical payments limit. First aid to an insured is not covered.

Section II excludes bodily injury and property damage arising out of an insured's business pursuits, so a paid repair operation run from the home needs a separate commercial liability policy or an endorsement. The $1,000 answer confuses this with damage to property of others, an additional coverage that itself excludes damage arising out of a business.

Section II excludes bodily injury and property damage arising out of the rendering or failure to render professional services, so a design error belongs on a professional liability policy. The answer treating it as an ordinary occurrence ignores that exclusion. The exclusion is a subject-matter bar, not a dollar threshold that bites above the Coverage E limit.

Section II excludes bodily injury and property damage arising out of the ownership, maintenance or use of motor vehicles, most watercraft and aircraft, because those exposures belong on an auto, boat or aviation policy. A dog bite away from home, a fall on the premises and a dropped-tool injury are ordinary occurrences the homeowners form is written to cover.

Section II excludes bodily injury and property damage expected or intended by an insured, so a deliberate punch brings neither damages nor a defense; insuring intentional harm would defeat the fortuity insurance requires. A criminal conviction is not needed for the exclusion to apply, and Coverage F does not step in where the injury was intended.

Damage to property of others is a Section II additional coverage that pays up to $1,000 per occurrence for property damage caused by an insured, at replacement cost and whether or not the insured is legally liable, so $1,000 of the $1,400 is paid. The answer paying nothing applies a liability test this additional coverage deliberately leaves out.

Section II requires the insured to give written notice of the occurrence, to promptly forward every notice, demand or legal paper received, to cooperate with the insurer and to help secure evidence and witnesses. Settling on his own or admitting liability voluntarily is what the duties forbid, because it prejudices the insurer's defense of the claim.

Section II is written the same way in the tenant and unit-owner forms as in the owner-occupied forms: Coverage E personal liability and Coverage F medical payments follow the insured's personal activities rather than sticking to the premises. The answer handing the liability duty to the landlord confuses building property coverage with personal liability.